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ch. 1-3 human develo
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| maturation | depending heavily on biological issues ( puberty, walking, talking ) |
| learning | the result of the persons interactions with the environment ( studying, test taking ) |
| Domains | physical cognitive personality socioculture |
| physical domain | shape size motor skills |
| cognitive domain | perceiving reasoning thinking problem solving |
| Personality domain | personality traits sense of self |
| socioculture domain | socialization enculturation |
| enculturation | occurs as welearn about our culture more or less on our own by observing and absorbing rather than being taught |
| theory of natural selection | centers around a concept often reffered to as " survival of the fittest" |
| Freuds theory | children learn moral concepts ( the idea that little girls view themselves as castraded males and therfore experience "penis envy" |
| Freuds phsycosexual stages | Oral anal phallic latency genital |
| oral stage | birth to 18 months |
| anal stage | 18 months to 3 years |
| latency stage | 6 years to 12 yearss |
| genital stage | 12 years and up |
| erik eriksons theory | personlity development derives from freuds theory instead of focusing on unconscious process his views emphasize conscious forces |
| classical conditioning | major way in which human development and behavior are influenced by environmental events |
| B.F Skinners research | describes how rewards and punishments influence our actions he discovered that we tend to repeat good actions and discontinue bad ones |
| Phallic stage | 3 years to 6 years |
| Bandura's research | a view that emphasizes the influence of the social behavior of others on our learning recognized that children and adults observe their own behaviorr |
| Case study | one of the earliest methods used to study human development |
| Correlation coefficient | numerical value that describes the variables relationship to one another |
| Positive Correlation | relationship where one variable increases and the other increases as well |
| Negative correlation | relationship where as one variable increases the other one decreases |
| informed consent | a clear statement of the purpose, preocedures, risks, and benefits as well as the obligations and commitments of both the participants |
| what do genes do?? | build proteinss |
| what are 2 ways cells can divide?? | mitosis meiosis |
| mitosis | cells replicating |
| meiosis | humans reproduce |
| which chromosome pair determines the sex of your child?? | X and Y |
| sex linked disorder | occurs when gametes dont repliccate correctly ( color blind ) |
| autosomal disorder | can result from defective genes or form extra or missing chromosomes ( down syndrome ) |
| hemophiliac | blood clotss |
| genetic counseling | resource that can helo potential parents evaluate genetic risk factors in childbearing. |
| concordance | ?? |
| heritability | trait that is inherited from genetic factors |
| habituation | learning to stop attending to a stimulous or change in the environment |
| which race higher risk for sickle cell anemia? | arican americans |
| phobia | unreasonable fears |
| shaping | reinforcing succesive approximations to a desired behavior |
| ethnocentrism | tendency to believe that your cultures,beliefs are true and others are false |
| normative age graded influence | biological and social changes that are predictable |
| normativve history graded influence | historical events that affect large groups f peole |
| non normative influences | indiviual environmental factors that d not occur at any predictable time |
| nuclear family | regular family |
| % of unintended pregnancies | 50% |
| 3 periods of pregnancy | germinal embryonic fetal |
| germianl period | conception to 2 weeks |
| embryonic period | 2 weeks to 9 weeks |
| fetal period | 12 weeks to birth |
| gross to specific trend | fetus initially reacts to tounch |
| maternal age | down syndrome |
| how many pounds should a woman gain while pregnant? | 25 - 35 |
| critical period | period at ehich the child is at greatest risk for different abnormalities |
| teratogen | diseases, chemicals for air polutation or water contamination |
| thalidomide | used to realive nausea |
| how much alcohol should be consumed?? | NONE |
| braxton hicks contractions | false labor |
| crowning | baby's head becomes visible |
| episiotomy | incision made to enlarge the vaginal opening |
| ultrasound | harmless high frequency sound waves |
| neonate | a baby in the first month |
| lanugo | hair that covers genitals that eventually fall off |
Created by:
pamela1991
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