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infections control
infection control for fundamentals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| basic principles of surgical asepsis | -only sterile touches sterile or sterile field. -if sterile field or supply is out of site it is contaminated. -anything below the waist is contaminated. -one inch edge of sterile field is contaminated. |
| sterile techniques used in this type of asepsis | surgical asepsis |
| when should hand washing be done? | -after skin contact -after body fluid contact -before invasive procedure -after removing gloves |
| clean technique procedures used to reduce amount of bio organisms | medical asepsis |
| isolation guidelines state a patients room will stay in isolation for how long after patient is no longer in the room | 1 hour of room isolation |
| isolation guidelines: contact precautions | -standard precautions -face mask -gown |
| isolation guidelines: droplet precautions | -standard precautions -face mask |
| isolation guidelines: airborne precautions | -standard precautions -fitted face mask |
| isolation guidelines: standard precautions | -wash hands when entering room -use gloves |
| when are standard precautions used? | every patient is handled with this precaution |
| isolation equipment | -gloves -mask -gown -face shield / eyewear |
| are isolation guidlines | -equipment -standard precautions -airborne precautions -droplet precautions -contact precautions |
| risk factors for nosocomial infection | -number of care givers -length of stay -type/number of invasive procedures |
| nosocomial infections | hospital aquired infection |
| signs and symptoms of infection | -local: pain, swelling, redness, heat at sight. -systemic: fever,malaise, leukocytosis,anorexia, n/v and lymph node enlargement. |
| edema | swelling |
| systemic | in blood |
| malaise | general feeling of fatigue and bodily unease |
| general risk factors of infection | -degree of resisrtance -age -multiple medical procedures -stress -disease -medications |
| host defense support | -adequate nutrition -good hygiene -rest and exercise -reduction of stress -immunization |
| types of body defenses | -sneezing -coughing -diarherra |
| inflammation | body's response to injury or infection. |
| normal flora | natural/regular flora/bio organisms inside and outside of the body |
| modes of transmission | -indirect contact -direct contact -air (small particles) -droplet (larger particles) |
| portals of exit/entry | -skin and mucosa -respiratory tract -g.i. tract -urinary tract -reproductive tract -blood |
| chain of infection: reservoir of growth | -o2:aerobic v. anaerobic -water: moist -temp.: warm -pH: alkaline -light: dark |
| chain of infection: infectious agent | infectious agent must: -have sufficiant number of organisms -virulence -must enter and survive in the host -host must be vulnerable to agent |
| communicable | contagious |
| infection | invasion of a host by an infectious agent that replicates and survives in the tissue of the host |
| virulence | ability to produce disease |
| PPE | personal protection equipment |
| amount of organisms in the gi tract | 750 trillion organisms residing |
| akronym for white blood cells | wbc |
| local infection | an infection involving bacteria that invade the body at a specific point and remain there, multiplying, until eliminated. |
Created by:
partrician
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