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SJOSTROM3
World History Accel. Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a cultural movement and historic era that spanned roughly the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Florence in the Late Middle ages; a resurgence of learning based on classical sources; the beginning of the Modern Era | Renaissance "Rebirth" |
| Where did renaissance begin? | Italy |
| Diagram of the causes of the Renaissance. | Crusades -> Trade -> Cultural Diffusion |
| These writers and scholars viewed life as preparation for afterlife, but also celebrated libing and the individual; they were stimulated the study of Greek and Roman literature and culture. | Humanists |
| One of hte first humanists, was a scholar and teacher, who worte "Sonnnets to Laura" | Petrarch |
| Diplomat and historian who wrote "The Prince"; believed that a ruler should be willing to do anything to maintain control without worrying about conscience. | Niccolo Machiavelli |
| Most famous book of Renaissance | Book of the Coutier |
| Wrote "The Book of the Courtier" | Castiglione |
| Medieval art and literature focused on _____ & _____. | the church and salvation |
| Renaissance art and literature focused on _________ & ________ along with Christianity. | individs and worldly matters |
| New artistic techniques emerged during the Renaissance: _________ & ________, painting done on wet plaster. These techniques gave _____? | Perspective and fresco / Depth |
| Artists fo the Italian Renaissance: ________, ________& _________. | Michelengelo, Raphael, Leonardo de Vinci |
| Renainssance ideas spread from _______ to _______,________,________& ________. | Italy/ Germany, the Netherlands, France and England. |
| This invention helped disseminate (spread) Renaissance ideas. | Printing Press |
| Inventor of the printing press. | Gutenburg |
| Most influential humanist of Northern Europe; critized church for lack of spirituality. | Erasmus |
| An ideal society. | Utopia |
| Believed men and women could live in harmony (Utopia); condemned government as corrupt; Henry VIII ahd him executed. | Sir Thomas More |
| LEading literary figure of Renaissance | Shakespeare |
| How did southern European art differ from norther European art during the Renaissance? | Southern: Idealistic Northern: Realistic |
| Religious revolution that split the Christian church in western Europe and created a number of new religions. | Protestant Reformation |
| Causes of Reformation? | 1. People were more interested in income rather than there souls. 2. selling of indulgences |
| selling pardons for sins? | indulgences |
| Posted the 95 theses, considered the Bible only religious authority; ocnsidered a heretic; Pope excommunicated him. | Martin Luter |
| Theses which challenged Tetzel's selling of indulgences? | 95 Theses |
| This Protestant religion was actually a political break with church, due to a king's need for a divorce from Catherine of Aragon to marry Anne Boleyn. | Anglican |
| King who established Church of England. | Henry VIII (the eighth) |
| This religion relied on faith, Bible, and redestination: "the elect" had been chosen by God for salvation; required high moral standards- no card playing, dancing, profanity or showy dress. | Calvinism |
| French Calvinists | Huegonots |
| English & North American Calvinists | Puritans |
| An attempt to return Church emphasis to spiritual matters and a campaign to stop spread of Protestantism. | Counter Reformation |
| Which areas Europe remained Roman Catholic? | Southern & Eastern Europe, Ireland |
| Which areas of Europe bacme Protestant? | Northern Europe and England |
| Transformation in thinking that occurred during the 1500's and 1600's caused by scientific observation, experimentation and questioning traditional beliefs. | Scientific Revolution |
| Earth as center of universe | Geocentricism |
| Greek scientist associated with Geocenticism | Ptolemy |
| Sun as center of universe | Heliocentric |
| Polish scientist associated with heliocentric theory. | Copernicus |
| Italian scientist who constructed first telescope. | Galileo Galilei |
| English scientist who developed laws of motion and concept of "Universal Gravitaion" | Issac Newton |
| Leader of Scientific Revolution; felt no assumptions should be accepted without question; all assumptions had to be proven on the basis of known facts; "I think, therefore I am." | Descartes |
| Knowledge through experience | Empiricism |
| No assumption should be trusted unless it could be preven by repeatable experiments. | Scientific Method |
| Belief that a country's government should do all it can to increase a country's wealth, which was measured by the amount of gold and silver possessed | Mercantilism |
| List to ways according to the theory of mercantilism that countries could build wealth; means to export more than import. | 1. Mine gold & silver at home or colonies 2. Favorable balance of trade |
| How did colonies play a role in mercantilism? | Supplied raw materials gold and silver; prodcts from home country. Colonies existed to benefit home country. |
| List reasons for exploration and colonization: | Inventions & government policies, curiosity & spirit of discovery; learn mor about the world, population of Europe had increased, people needed land and wealth, and political & religious persecution. |
| Portuguese sailor who explored African coast. | Prince Henry the Navigator |
| Explore who rounded Cape of Good Hope to find Indian Ocean. | Bartolomeu Dias |
| Explorer who sailed the Indian Ocean to Far East. | Vasco Da Gama |
| Set sail in 1492, landed at San Salvador, but thought he had reached India. | Christopher Columbus |
| Transfer of products, plants, animals, and diseases between Latin America, North America, Europe and Africa. | Columbian Exchange |
| First voyage to circumnavigate the globe. | Magellan |
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belladancerella
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