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WHAP Fall Mid-Term
AP World History - Mr. Smith - KFHS - Fall Mid-Term Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Describe the predominant economy of the Paleolithic. | hunter-gatherers |
| 2. Summarize the most likely social organization of the Paleolithic. | kinship groups |
| 3. Paleolithic gender relations? | roughly equal |
| 4. Agricultural revolution? | Cultivation provided a relatively stable and regular supply of food. [Allowed Neolithic peoples to sustain their numbers better than their Paleolithic cousins did.] |
| 5. First civilization, where? | Sumer |
| 6. Lex talionis | “Law of retaliation” (Hammurabi’s Code) [offenders suffering the punishments resembling their crimes] |
| 7. Egypt entered its imperialist phase during the _____ Kingdom. | New |
| 8. Egyptian monotheism | Akhenaten |
| 9. Why is so little known about Harappan civilization (Indus-Valley Civilization)? | 1. earliest remains are inaccessible 2. lack of deciphered written records |
| 10. IVC declined because . . . | 1. deforested Indus Valley to clear wood for cultivation 2. became a desert (topsoil erosion, lack-of-rain) |
| 11. Briefly describe how the Aryans came to India. | nomads [started in upper Indus River, then spread east and south from their base] |
| 12. What was the main function of Aryan priests during early Vedic times? | Ritual sacrifices were more important than ethics |
| 13. Mesopotamia=Tigris & Euphrates; Egypt= ?; Harappan= ?; China= ? | 1. Egypt: Nile 2. Harappan: Indus 3. China: Yellow |
| 14. Put the early Chinese dynasties (pre-Qin) in correct order. | 1. Yangshou 2. Xia 3. Shang 4. Zhou |
| 15. According to the beliefs about the Mandate of Heaven the Chinese ruler serves as . . . | head of religion (chosen by heaven) |
| 16. Explain the Period of Warring States. | period of violence, politicial and social instability, and decentralized government in Zhou dynasty; ended in 221 bce with the establishment of the Qin dynasty |
| 17. Which society could be considered the founders of Mesoamerican civilization? | Olmecs |
| 18. Mayan mathematicians invented what important concept? | the zero |
| 19. Popol Vuh | Maya creation myth; taught that gods created humans out of maize and water |
| 20. Who might be called the Indo-Europeans of the Pacific? | Austronesians |
| 21. The Medes and Persian came from what ethno-linguistic group? | Indo-Europeans |
| 22. The Persian "Eyes and Ears of the King" | imperial spies |
| 23. Persian governing style | tolerant of other’s religions and cultures |
| 24. What did the Zoroastrians believe about the material world? | was a blessing to be enjoyed in moderation |
| 25. What did Confucius believe brought order to a society? | proper ordering of relationships |
| 26. The _____ philosophy was most responsible for bringing China out of the Period of Warring States. | legalist |
| 27. What is Qin Shihuangdi's most important legacy? | set a precedent: established highly centralized imperial government (lasted over 2 millenniums (until 1912)) |
| 28. How did Chinese society develop as the Han became more wealthy? | richer getting richer and the poor getting poorer |
| 29. Who facilitated Indian political unification by introducing the Indians to new administrative techniques? | Persians |
| 30. Post-Mauryan (pre-Gupta) political organization. | de-centralized governments [collection of regional kingdoms] |
| 31. Gupta governing style | shared techniques with Maryans allowed local autonomous rule |
| 32. According to Buddha salvation could be attained by living what kind of life? | life of moderation |
| 33. Political organization of ancient Greece. | organized a series of city-states |
| 34. Typically, women in ancient Greece . . . | 1. fell under the authority of their fathers, husbands, or sons; spent most of the time in family homes; could not own landed property |
| 35. Rome's governing style was most similar to that of the . . . | Persians |
| 36. How might one describe the government devised by Augustus? | monarchy disguised as a republic |
| 37. What was needed in order to successfully trade in the Indian Ocean basin? | understanding of the monsoon pattern |
| 38. Who was Mani? | devout Zoroastrian who regarded Zarathustra as the prophet of the Mediterranean world; promoted syncretic blend of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Buddhist elements as a religious faith that would serve the needs of a cosmopolitan world. |
| 39. Peasant anger in China led to _____ in 184 CE. | yellow turban revolt |
| 40. After the fall of the western Roman Empire, Roman authority . . . | lived in the Byzantine empire (for about 1000 yrs) |
| 41. Describe the powers of the Byzantine monarchy. | had control over everything [highly centralized authority] |
| 42. What was Justinian's most important achievement? | de-codification of the Roman Law |
| 43. What happened in 1054? | permanent split between Greek and Orthodox church |
| 44. Islam means . . . | submission |
| 45. The critical event in the rise of Islam was the _____. | hijrah |
| 46. Shia vs. Sunni beliefs | Shia – party of Ali; Sunni – one who follows the traditions of the prophet |
| 47. Indian and Persian influence on Islam | Indian – mathematics; Persia - literature |
| 48. The most important Sui contribution to Chinese infrastructure was . . . | Grand Canal |
| 49. Civil service exams during the Tang dynasty? | brought back and used more extensively than ever before |
| 50. Footbinding is an example of . . . | strengthened patriarchal authority |
| 51. Vietnamese women vs. Chinese women | Women in Vietnam played a more prominent role in society and economy. |
| 52. Political structure of post-Classical India. | centralized imperial rule |
| 53. Changes in religious make-up of India due to Mahmud of Ghazni's incursions. | brought in Islam while almost eliminating Buddhists |
| 54. Role of Hindu temples in post-Classical India. | trade centers; took on role of governments |
| 55. Political structure of post-Roman Europe. | decentralized, feudal type of political organization |
| 56. Describe the feudal relationship between a lord and his retainer/vassal. | Vassal would get land from lord in exchange for, most commonly, military service |
| 57. Agricultural production increased in Medieval Europe because . . . | of the introduction of the heavy plow |
| 58. Long-term effects of Mongol and Turkish invasions. | Eurasian integration |
| 59. Environment of Central Asia allows for what kind of food production? | they didn't have much; pastoral peoples |
| 60. Mongol empire's effect on trade? | Merchants increased their commercial investments |
| 61. The kamikaze were . . . | “divine winds” [prevented Mongol invasion of Japan] |
| 62. Mali's wealth was based on . . . | trans-Saharan trade |
| 63. What new crop facilitated migrations in sub-Saharan Africa? | banana |
| 64. How was wealth accumulated in sub-Africa? | number of slaves |
| 65. The primary obstacle to the Holy Roman Emperor was . . . | the papacy (conflict with the pope) |
| 66. Crusades effect on trade | demand for silk and cotton textiles, spices, and sugar increased throughout Europe as large numbers of people developed a taste for goods previously available only to the wealthy few |
| 67. Demographic changes during the High Middle Ages. | urbanization and the increase of women's roles in the cities |
| 68. What phrase summed up Medieval social structure? | those who pray, those who fight, and those who work |
| 69. Aztec political structure | didn’t establish a bureaucracy over areas that they conquered. |
| 70. Quipu | mneumonic aid to help track of bureaucrats' responsibilities; statistical and historical info (SH) |
| 71. Why did Pacific socieities not build large states? | islands were to small, so you can't expand |
| 72. Renaissance thinkers and artists were fascinated with . . . | ancient Greece and Rome |
| 73. After 1000 CE, eastern hemisphere societies interacted more or less than before? | more |
| 74. Gunpowder came from _____. | Tang and Song dynasties |
| 75. Humanists believed . . . | it was perfectly honorable for Christians to enter into marriage, business relationships, and public affairs |
| 76. Volta do mar | "return through the sea" (enabled Portuguese mariners to sail from the Canaries to Portugal) |
| 77. Effects of American crops introduced into Europe. | increased human population |
| 78. Western response to trade problems in 1400. | traveled around Africa to eliminate middle men. |
| 79. Why did many of the German elite support Luther? | personal conviction; religious controversy offered opportunities for them to build their own power bases |
| 80. Most people condemned as witches were _____. | women |
| 81. Deists believe . . . | believed in the existence of a god, but denied the supernatural teachings of Christianity. |
| 82. Put early modern European intellectual movements in correct chronological order. | 1. Renaissance 2. Absolutism 3. Protestant Reformation 4. Age of Enlightenment |
| 83. What was the primary cause for the catastrophic demographic decline of the Americas during the 16th century? | smallpox (epidemic disease) |
| 84. Iberian colonial hierarchy was based on . . . | racial origin |
| 85. Portuguese became interested in Brazil after . . . | Treaty of Tordesillas |
| 86. How did the rise of maritime trade affect Africa's western empires? | brought Europeans their domination, and slave trade increase |
| 87. Slavery within Africa was different from elsewhere because . . . | to accumulate wealth, you had to accumulate slaves [land ownership didn’t really exist] |
| 88. Demographic impact of slavery on Africa. | more women than men |
| 89. What did the Ming do to stabilize China following the outer of the Yuan? | return to old Chinese traditions |
| 90. Patriarchy during the Ming and Qing dynasties. | 1. authority over women got tighter and stronger |
| 91. China's technological development fell behind because . . . | the governments favored political and social stability over technological innovation |
| 92. Social effects of Pax Tokugawica | lowered samurai and daimyo classes |
| 93. How did Akbar deal with the inherent religious diversity of India? | religious tolerance and "divine faith" |
| 94. Murad IV banned _____ and _____ due to the offensive demands of Turkish moralists. | tobacco and coffee |
| 95. Sikhism could be characterized as . . . | a syncretic combination of Hinduism and Islam |
| 96. Devshirme | The Ottoman institution that provided Balkan slaves for the formation of the Janissaries |
| 97. Primary political and cultural influence on Russia was . . . | Byzantium |
| 98. Ivan IV's main obstacle to centralization . . . | boyars |
| 99. Russian women had what kind of power? | arrange marriages and property rights |
| 100. West European social developments vs. Russian social developments | Serdom was decreasing due to the decline of feudalism in Europe while it was increasing in Russia @ the same time. |
Created by:
punisher42
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