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BR - Dig System
Board Review - Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the body's most preferred energy source? | carbohydrates |
| Vitamin K is essential for coagulation. How and where is vitamin K produced? | By bacteria in the intestines |
| What nutrient is needed in the contraction of muscle? | glucose |
| What mineral is excreted during perspiration? | sodium |
| What are amino acids? | basic structural building blocks of proteins |
| Where is the ileocecal valve located? | between the small and large intestine |
| What starch-digesting enzyme do you find in saliva? | amylase |
| What is it called when inflammation is present in pouches that have protruded from the walls of the colon? | diverticulitis |
| In what way does the liver function to regulate blood sugar level? | glycogenolysis, converting glycogen to glucose & storing glucose as glycogen |
| Which part of the small intestine is the longest? | ileum |
| Where is the stomach located? | below the central tendon of the diaphragm |
| What is the function of the liver? | removal of toxins |
| Where is the pyloric sphincter located? | between the stomach and the duodenum |
| What enzyme is secreted by the pancreas for carbohydrate digestion? | amylase |
| What are the two sphincters of the stomach called? | cardiac and pyloric |
| Which vitamins are produced by the large intestine? | B12 & K |
| Name the parts of the small intestine in order that digestible substances would follow. | duodenum, jejunum, & ileum |
| What is the function of the plicae circulares, villi and microvilli in the small intestine? | increase surface area |
| What is the major function of the gallbladder? | concentrate and store bile |
| Where is digestion completed? | small intestine |
| What is one of the functions of the large intestine? | absorption of water |
| The duodenum receives bile by way of the common bile duct. Which organ(s) secrete bile into the common bile duct? | liver & gall bladder |
| What is the innermost layer of the digestive tract wall called? | mucosa |
| What is the function of mastification? | mechanical breakdown of food & mixing food with saliva |
| What is the function of the pharynx? | passage way for bolus, food & air |
| Which are three digestive enzymes that are secreted by the pancreas? | amylase, lipase & tripsin |
| What is another name for deglutition? | swallowing |
| How is an ulcer defined? | an area of destroyed mucous membrane, and an open sore or lesion |
| What is the building of proteins from amino acids an example of? | anabolism |
| What is the name for inflammation of the gallbladder? | cholecystitis |
| What is it called when larger molecules are broken down into smaller molecules? | catabolism |
| What is the outermost layer of gastrointestinal tract wall called? | serosa |
| What is it called when there is a protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm into the mediastinum? | hietal hernia |
| Which tissue layers in the GI tract contain blood vessels? | muscularis, mucosa, serosa & submucosa |
| What is colitis? | colon infection |
| At rest, which organ generates most heat? | liver |
| Dysphagia id difficulty in doing which activity? | swallowing |
| What is the appendix part of? | large intestine |
| Which one is the digestive enzyme for protein? | pepsin |
| What application is used for constipation? | prolonged cold |
| During the intake of food, what prevents food from being aspirated? | epiglottis |
| Which organ metabolizes carbohydrates, proteins & lipids? | liver |
| Which condition could be the result of stress, poor diet & lack of exercise? | constipation |
| Which organ stores bile and ejects concentrated bile into the duodenum during digestion? | gall bladder |
| Where does mass peristalsis take place? | colon |
| Which vitamin is manufactured in the colon by bacteria? | B12 & K |
| Where are the tonsils located? | Pharynx |
| How does disease most often enter the body? | mouth |
| What is the appendix attached to? | cecum |
| Which is the correct order of the divisions of the colon from cecum to anus? | ascending, transverse & sigmoid |
| Which organ can be palpated under the ribs on the right side? | liver |
| In which quadrant of the abdomen is the descending colon located? | upper and lower left |
| Which of the following are rhytmic contractions of smooth muscles in the intestines? | peristalsis |
| Hepatitis and cirrhosis can be developed in which organ? | liver |
| What is it called when the mucous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity becomes inflammed? | peritonitis |
| What are triglycerides? | most common type of fat in blood; major source of energy |
| What hormone is secreted by the pancreas that helps to regulate blood sugar levels? | glucagon |
| Your client has eaten a meal that has resulted in intestinal gas. Which massage method is encouraged? | parasympathetic dominance |
| What enzyme is secreted by the pancreas for digestion of proteins? | trypsin |
| Which function of the pancreas best describes the secretion of pancreatic juices (digestive enzymes)? | exocrine |
| Which function of the pancreas best describes the secretion of hormones? | endocrine |
| Killing certain bacteria in the large intestine prevents the production of essential vitamins. | TRUE |
| Which body structure is part of the alimentary canal? | stomach, esophogus, large intestine |
| The enteric nervous system of the alimentary canal includes fibers from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. What effect does stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system have on digestion? | increases digestive activities |
| Tissues of the GI tract are arranged in four layers, or tunics. From inside to outside these are: | mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa |
| Which organ is not an adjacent accessory organ that facilitates processing during digestion? | kidney |
| The muscle contractions that create a movement through the GI tract is called? | peristalsis |
| Bilirubin is: | broken down red blood cells |
| Bile is a greenish fluid made up of bicarbonates that is produced in the: | liver |
| Pancreatic juices are specific enzymes designed to have a specific job. Proteasesbreak down chains of amino acids, amylases break down complex starches & lipids break down fats. | TRUE |
| The order of the small intestine is: | duodenum, jejunum, & ileum |
| In order, the principal processes of digestion are: | ingestion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, defecation |
| The large intestine is NOT responsible for: | mechanical digestion |
| Most of the GI tract consists of: | involuntary smooth muscle |
Created by:
Gneblu
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