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SS WW1 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nationalism | intense loyalty to one's nation or group and promotion of its interest above all others |
| alliance system: | defense agreements among nations |
| ethnic group: | people who share a common language and traditions |
| balance of power: | the distribution of power among nations so that no single nation can dominate the others |
| militarism: | a buildup of military strength within a country |
| U-boat: | German submarine in World Wars I and II |
| dimension: | aspect; one element or factor among many |
| equip: | furnish/provide with |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand: | the next in line to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire before he was assassinated |
| Battle of Verdun: | one of the longest and bloodiest battles of the war. Was in northeastern France, began in February, and lasted until December 1916. |
| New technologies in WWI: | Improved canons and other artillery fired larger shells at great distances.Better rifles enabled soldiers to hit targets with greater accuracy. Poison gas. Airplane. |
| Allies/Allied Powers: | consisted of Great Britain, France, and Russia. Japan joined in late August 1914 |
| Central Powers: | consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman (Turkish) Empire and originally Italy, but it then moved to the Allies. |
| Triple Alliance: | Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy |
| Triple Entente: | Great Britain, France, Russia |
| President Wilson | US president during WWI |
| propaganda: | ideas or information designed and spread to influence opinion |
| autocracy: | government in which one person has unlimited power |
| stress: | call particular attention to/emphasize |
| revolution: | a war to overthrow a government |
| Lusitania: | a British passenger liner that got torpedoed by the Germans on May 7, 1915 |
| Sussex: | an unarmed French passenger ship that got attacked by the Germans |
| Four US merchant ships: | In March of 1917, the Germans attacked and sunk four American merchant ships. 36 perished |
| Selective Service Act: | It set up a military draft. Men age 21 to 30 registered by the millions. Passed on May 18 |
| Parts of the submarine: | the conning tower, the diving rudders, the rudder, and about 12 torpedoes, the periscope, the deck gun, the control and engine room, and the crews quarters |
| Charles Evans Hughes: | the Republican candidate that President Wilson barely beat out |
| Jeannette Rankin: | first woman to serve as representative in Congress |
| Zimmerman Note | Germany offered an alliance with Mexico against the US if war broke out |
| August 1914 sizes of armies: | Germany: a little under 2 million, Austria-Hungary: a little under 500,000 Russia: a little under 1 million 500,000, France: about 1 million 250,000, others: 500,000 |
| Henry Johnson: | the first American to receive the French Croix de Guerre (Cross of War) |
| convoy: | a group that travels with something, such as a ship, to protect it |
| proceed: | continue on |
| armistice: | a temporary peace agreement to end fighting |
| consent: | agree to |
| kaiser: | emperor; leader of Germany from 1871 to 1918 |
| Bolsheviks: | a group of communists |
| Vladimir Lenin: | leader of the Bolsheviks |
| Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: | A treaty to take Russia out of the war that made them lose substantial territory to the Germans |
| John J. Pershing: | the supreme commander of American Expeditionary Force |
| Czar Nicholas II: | leader of Russian Empire, who gave up his throne in March 1917 |
| doughboys: | American soldiers nicknamed “doughboys” because of brass uniform buttons that resembled boiled dough dumplings |
| armistice w/ Germany: | germany offered Wilson an armistice. Wilson agreed only under certain conditions |
| 369th Regiment | they fought on the front lines for 191 days, five days longer than any other US regiment |
| mobilization | gathering resources and preparing for war |
| ration | to limit the use of |
| pacifist | person opposed to the use of war or violence to settle disputes |
| dissent | disagreement with or opposition to an opinion |
| socialist | person who believes industries should be publicly owned and run by the government rather than by public individuals |
| consume | to use |
| perceive | to recognize/understand |
| Great Migration | When 300,000 to 500,000 African Americans came to settle in the north to find jobs between 1914 to 1920. In addition thousands of Mexicans migrated to US to find jobs |
| Espionage Act | Act of 1917 gave the government a new weapon to combat dissent to the war. The law provided stiff penalties for espionage, or spying. People who aided the enemy or interfered with army recruiting could also be penalized |
| Sabotage Act/Sedition Act | it made it a crime to say, print, or write any criticism perceived, or recognized as negative about the government. |
| National War Labor Board | created in April 1918, it pressured business to grant some of the most important demands |
| Food Administration | encouraged American farmers to produce more and persuaded the public to eat less |
| War Industries Board |
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kschool
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