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Social Studies Beach
semester 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are 2 kinds of locationused in geography? give an example of each | a. Absolute, the equator is located at 0° latitude. b. Relative, Los Angeles is North of Dan Diego |
| What are the imaginary lines used to find absolute location? | Latitude and Longitude |
| The largest masses of land are called... | continents |
| The imaginary lines that run east and west are alled lines of | latitude or parallels |
| The imaginary lines that run north and south are called lines of | longitude or meridians |
| Name the two hemispheres into which the Equator divides the earth | Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere |
| What is another name for 0° longitude? What does it divide the earth into? | Prime Meridian. Eastern and Western Hemispheres |
| What is located at 23 1/2° N? | Tropic of Cancer |
| What is located at 66.5° N? | Artic Circle |
| The Equator is located at what latitude | 0° |
| What is the name of the climatic zone that wraps around the middle of the earth? | Torrid Zone |
| Name four kinds of map projections | Mercato projection, Polar projection, Interrupted projection, Oval-shaped projection |
| block of time used by historians | era |
| order of events or dates | chronology |
| a book of maps | atlas |
| scientists who dig up remains of hte past | archaeologists |
| era before writing was developed | Prehistory |
| a diagrm that shows the order of events | timeline |
| the movement of ideas and information | communication |
| in the year of our Lord | anno domini |
| A.D. 1500 to present day | modern history |
| 100 year block of time | century |
| movement of people and goods | transportation |
| means "about" | circa |
| historical periods of ten years | decade |
| the time before the birth of Christ | B.C. |
| the historical period of 5500 B.C. to A.D. 500 | ancient history |
| pictures used in writing | pictograph |
| groups of many lands under one ruler | empire |
| tools and methods that help humans perform tasks | technology |
| The "land between the rivers" was called | Mesopotamia |
| skilled worker of metal, cloth and pottery | Artisan |
| wedge-shaped writing on clay tablets | cunform |
| Area of southern Mesopotamia | Babylon |
| Tiered templesbuilt by the Sumerians with an altar on top to their many gods | Ziggarats |
| The name of the Sumerians moon god | Nanna |
| City-state that developed closest to the Persian Gulf | Ur |
| Named for the area's shape and rich farming soil | Fertile Cresent |
| The 12 month calendar the Sumerians developed was based on this | The stages of the moon |
| The Sumerians, being very skilled builders, were the 1st to use this in their architecture | arches and domes |
| Famous citizen of Ur to leae his homeland to follow God | Abraham |
| Four ways the Sumerians used the rivers in their land | 1. transportaiton, 2. water, 3. to flood invaders 4. food (fish) |
| Why was Ur a fortified city? | |
| The Sumerians were advanced mathematicians. They used angles and geometry to measure their fields and a number system based on what number? | 6 |
| The 2 rivers found in Mesopotamia | The Tigris River and the Euphrates River |
| The Fertile Crescent was called this because of its shape and the fact that the first civilizations started their | Cradle of Civilization |
| Four more inventions that the Sumerians are known for | 60 second minute, 60 minute hour, sailboat, 360° circle |
| 2 crops raised by the Sumerians | wheat and barley |
| 3 other bodies of water found in or next to the Fertile Cresent | Mediterranean Sea, Jordan River, Persian Gulf |
| Why were the Code of Laws important to the Babylonian Empire? | They were significant because they unified all of the people under his laws. Hammurabi had them carved into stone templates so that they could not be changed. |
| I wrote the Code of Laws for my Babylonian Empire | Hammurabi |
| I had an elaborate headress of gold and gems | Lady Shubad |
| I was a King of Uruk. They wrote an epic story about me. | Gilgamesh |
| I was the King of Babylon who invaded Israel and brought the captives like Daniel back | Nebuchadnezzar |
| I was the King of Ur before Abraham lived. I had the ziggarat built in my city-state. | Ur-Nammu |
| Belief in one God | monotheism |
| family groups (based on Jacob's 12 sons) | tribes |
| wanted to bring the Israelites back to God's laws | prophets |
| money or slaves given to kings by conquered peoples | tribute |
| a set of letters used to spell out words | alphabet |
| a nation that rules other nations | empire |
| the first part of the Hebrew bible | Torah |
| wise sayings Solomon is known for | proverbs |
| an agreement between God and the Israelites | covenant |
| time the Jews spent in Babylon | exile |
| the Jews living outside of Judah and Israel | Diaspora |
| religious teachers | rabbis |
| a deliverer sent by God, for whom many Jews waited | messiah |
| weekly day of worship and rest | Sabbath |
| where Jews would meet to pray and discuss religion | synagogue |
| foods prepared according to Jewish dietary laws | kosher |
| a male head covering or skull cap | yarmulke |
| ancient documents found in jars in caves in 1947 | Dead Sea Scrolls |
| Sidon, Carthage, Byblos, Tyre | Cities in Phoenicia |
| Ninevah, Haran | Cities in Assyria |
| Jerusalem, Samaria | Cities in Israel |
| Ur | City in Babylon |
| Susa, Persepoli | Cities in Persia/Medes |
| Sardis, Ephesus | Cities in Lydia |
| Hattusa | City in Hittite |
| David, Saul, Moses, Abraham, Judas Maccabeus, rabbis | People from Israel |
| Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar, Hammurabi | People from Babylon |
| Cyrus the Great, Xerxes, the Immortals | People from Persia/Medes |
| Croesus | Person from Lydia |
| Miners of Gold, merchants/tradesmen, farmers, Minters of the First Coins | What Lydians are known for |
| Nomads, new alphabet | What Israelites are known for |
| satrapies, roadbuilders, King's Ears | What Persians/Medes are known for |
| Early Empire Builders, Asia Minor, metal workers/ iron weapons | What Hittites are known for |
| writing on the wall, farmers, merchants/tradesmen, hanging gardens | What Babylonians are known for |
| skilled horsemen, feared warriors, metal workers/iron weapons | What Assyrians are known for |
| fearless seafarers, murex, blown glass, shipbuilders, sea explorers, new alphabet | What Phoenicians are known for |
| The Hittite and Lydian Empires were on a peninsula that in ancient times was called this. Today that area is what country? | Asia Minor. Turkey |
| Who followed God from Haran to settle in the land of hte Canaanites? | Abraham |
| Where did the Israelites record their history and religious beliefs? | Hebrew Bible |
| Who were the first 3 kings of Israel? | Saul, David and Solomon |
| How was Judaism different from other ancient religions? | monotheism |
| After Solomon died, the kingdom of Israel was divided into how many parts? | 2 |
| What did the 10 northern tribes become? What was its capitol? | Kingdom of Israel. Samaria |
| What did the 2 southern tribes become? What was its capitol? | kingdom of Judah. Jerusalem |
| What is Passover? | Jewish Holy Day to celebrate when the Jews were freed from slavery |
| What is Rosh Hoshana? | Jewish Holy Day to celebrate the New Year |
| What is Hannukah? | Jewish Holy Day to celebrate |
| Who was Nebuchadnezar's grandson and very bad king? | Belshazzar |
| What three countries today occupy the land once known as Canaan? | Jordan, Israel and Lebanon |
| Why did so many other nations and empires want control over Israel? | To control the trade routes to 3 continents |
| How did Alexander the Great help Jewish ideas spread throughout his empire? | He translated the Hebrew Bible in to Greek |
| Israel forms the 'crossroads' or meeting place of what three continents? | Africa, Asia, Europe |
| What is the period of time when the Jews were sent to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar? | The Babylonian Captivity |
| What 3 things did the 10 Commandments do? | They were meant to guide everyone's behavior, spape the moral laws of many nations and form the basis for Judaism and Christianity |
| Who lived in the desert, praying for God to deliver them from the Romans and possibly wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls? | The Essenes |
| Name 3 judges for the Israelites | Samuel, Deborah, Samson |
| Who moved into the land left by the exiles and later became the hated culture called the Samaritans? | Assyrians |
| One who claims to be a messenger for God and shares God's words is a | Prophet |
| A rock bed piled in a river producing small waterfalls | cataracts |
| 'Overseer of All Works of the King" | vizier |
| a system of writing developed in Egypt | hieroglyphics |
| tombs for burying pharaoh | pyramid |
| Egyptian body treated with spices for burial | mummy |
| the distance north and south of the equator | latitude |
| has head of a man and body of a lion | Great Sphinx |
| a line of kings that succeed each other in the same family | dynasty |
| had the largest and greatest pyramid built | Khufu |
| thought to have united Upper and Lower Egypt as one nation | Menes |
| the Egyptian sun god | Ra |
| a period of serious food shortage | famine |
| only people who live on the Sinai Peninsula | nomads |
| deposits of soil at the mouth of a river | delta |
| plant used to make a writing material | papyrus |
| an Egyptian king title | pharaoh |
| Egyptian device for irrigating fields | shadoof |
| starting point for the lines of longitude | Prime Meridian |
| tall, pointed pillars built to honor the sun god | obelisks |
| a secretary to the ruler or leaders of the army or temple | scribe |
| In what two hemispheres is Egypt found? | Northern and Eastern |
| What is the Egyptian idea or belief in the importance of life being in balance? | ma'at |
| Name four uses the Egyptians had for papyrus | paper, boats, sandals, baskets |
| The anciant Egyptians are famous for the creaton of the following three structures | Pyramids, sphinxs, obelisks |
| Name the three Egyptian seasons | flood, plant, harvest |
| The Egyptian seasons were based on this | Flooding |
| 2 natural resources that protected Egypt from invading enemies | Nile River and Desert |
| What is the largest desert in the world that covers most of Egypt? | The Sahara Desert |
| Why is the Nile River unique? What body of water does it empty into? | It flows from South to North. It empties into the Mediterranean Sea |
| What continent is Egypt located on? | Africa |
| What is the kingdom era known as the Age of Pyramids? | The Old Kingdom |
| What is the kingdom era known as the Golden Age of Egypt? | The Middle Kingdom |
Created by:
owenaschieris
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