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Popes

Ones you need to know

DescriptionPopes
The First Pope, 30-67 Peter
Tried to hold the West together as Rome disintegrated, opposed Attila the Hun, 440-461 Leo I
Came up with Gregorian chants, 590-604 Gregory I
Tried to limit civil authority over the Church, Investiture controversy against the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry IV, who was forced to do penance at Canossa, 1073-1085 Gregory VII
Tried to limit civil authority over the Church, called the 4th Council of the Lateran, conflicts with John I of England, called for the 4th Crusade Innocent III
Autocratic, but determined to foster spirituality through art, hired Michelangelo, called the 5th Council of Lateran, 1503-1513 Julius II
Called the Council of Trent, Catholic Counterrevolution, Battle at Lepanto which repulsed Islam, 1566-72 Pius V
Longest papacy after Peter, notion of Papal infallibility, called First Vatican Council, lost the Papal States to Italy, 1846-1878 Pius IX
Championed rights of labor, unions, resisted socialism, 1878-1903 Leo XIII
World War II Pope, 1939-1958 Pius XII
Convened Vatican II, hoped to open Church to positive aspects of modernity, reconciliation with Jews and Eastern Orthodox, 1958-1963 John XXIII
Third longest papacy, most traveled pope, helped defeat Communism and liberate English Europe, First Polish Pope, 1978-2005 John Paul II
Present Pope, 2005 Benedict XVI
Called for the First Crusade in 1095, 1088-1099 Urban II
Only English Pope, granted Ireland to Henry II, 1154-59 Adrian IV
Pope during the trial of Galileo, 1623-44 Urban VIII
Created a cardinal at age 14, part of the de Medici family, pope during the Protestant Reformation, 1513-1521 Leo X
Created by: betsynewmark
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