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World Civ- Page 6

QuestionAnswer
Vikings Scandinavian Germanic tribes
Magyars 890- Invade from east Hungarian-settle in Hungary
Muslim raiders 9th-10th centuries Muslims attack Italy and Spain
Rollo Viking leader 911 recognized as Duke of Normandy 1st Duke of Normandy
Hugh Capet Chosen to be kind by French nobles
Alfred of Wessex Defeated Danes and united Anglo-Saxon tribes King of England
Otto I Ruled 936-973 955 defeated Magyars at Lechfeld 962 crowned emperor by pope
Cluny & reform movement Monastic reform movement arises throughout Europe, for clerical celibacy, against simony, network of monastic houses, Benedict’s rule
Papal Reform Pope Leo IX, 1059, Lateran synod- cardinals elect pope- neglected power of Roman nobles, decreased authority of German Emperors
Leo IX Ruled 1049-1054 German Bishop Against violence, simony, and clerical marriage
1059 Lateran Synod (Cardinals) Synod-Meeting:council Cardinals elect pope Negated power of roman nobles Decreased authority of German emperor
Lay investiture & simony Lay investiture- kings gave clerics their offices: some said Papacy should appoint clergy: simony- practice of buying:selling church offices became a problem
Gregory VII vs. Henry IV Struggle over lay investiture-kings gave cleric their offices: some said papacy should appoint clergy, simony- German nobles rebelled, Jan. 1077 Canossa, Henry fought German nobles, excommunicated again; Henry won war against Huals, crowned emperor
Crusading Origins: pilgrimages & holy war Pilgrimage=penitential journey, holy war= just was with holy cause
Created by: HanKan2010
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