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Muscles and Actions
Head, neck and back
| Muscle | Action |
|---|---|
| Occipitofrontalis | Draws scalp anteriorly & posteriorly, elevates eyebrows, wrinkles forehead |
| Procerus | Wrinkles over bridge of nose |
| Corrugator supercilii | wrinkles eyebrows |
| Nasalis | flares nostrils |
| Orbicularis Oculi | closes and squints eye |
| Orbicularis Oris | closes mouth, protracts lips |
| Depressor anguli oris | draws angle of mouth downward and laterally |
| Risorius | draws angle of mouth laterally |
| Zygomaticus | smile |
| Levator Labii superioris | elevates and everts upper lip |
| Levator anguli oris | elevates the angle of mouth |
| Buccinator | whisle |
| Platysma | creates ridges of skin in neck |
| Mentalis | pout |
| Massester | closes mouth (strongest muscle relative to size) |
| Temporalis | closes mouth |
| pterygoid | side to side chewing |
| SCM | flexion of neck, lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of neck |
| Scalenus | elevates 1st rib, excessory breathing muscle |
| Splenius capitis and cervicis | extension, lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation |
| Erector Spinae | extension, lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation, *anterior tilt of pelvis |
| Transversospinales | extension, *lateral flexion, contralateral rotation |
| suboccipitals | extension @ atlanto-occipital joint* |