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ancient china WCI
world cultures I, ancient china and india note cards.
| World Cultures Notecards | :) |
|---|---|
| Shiva | Hindu goddess, the destroyer |
| Jainism | Religion that grew out of Hindu traditions, practice meditation and extreme ahisma. |
| Siddhartha Guatama | Founder of Buddhism |
| Theravada Buddhism | Sect of Buddhism, followed rules closesly, not many people practice it. |
| Mahayana Buddhism | sect of Buddhism that is easier for normal people to follow. Has gods including Buddha. |
| Atman | Essential self that all people have |
| Moksha | Ultimate Hindu goal, union with brahman |
| Reincarnation | rebirth of soul nto another bodily form. |
| Karma | actions in a persons life that affect their fate in another. |
| Dharma | Moral duties of a person. Good dharma will lead to good karma. |
| Ahisma | nonviolence |
| Nirvana | Ultimate Buddhist goal, union with universe, release from the cycle of rebirth. |
| Sect | smaller groups |
| Chandragupta Maurya | Harsh ruler who conquered parts of Asia. 1st great Indian empire. Mauryan empire. |
| Asoka | Chandragupta Maurya's grandson. rejected violenc, tolerant of religions, Mauryan empire. Helped spread buddhism throughout asia |
| Faxian | Chinese Buddhist monk |
| Kalidasa | Great Gupta poet and playwright. "Shakespeare" of India. |
| Dissent | Differing or opposing ideas. |
| Missionary | Travel spreading religions beliefs. |
| Golden age | Period of great cultural achievements. |
| Decimal system | numbers based on 10 |
| Stupa | large dome shaped shrines. They housed the remains of Buddha and others. |
| Mural | wall paintings |
| Untouchables/Dalits | Lowest on caste. Most restrictions and worst jobs. |
| Shakti | A women's creative energy that men lacked. Husbands had to control their wife's shakti. |
| Sati | virtious woman, practice of death by husbands funeral fire. |
| Joint families | ideal family where parent, children, grandchildren, uncles, and offspring share a common dwelling. Only wealthy could achieve, the poor didn't live long enough. |
| Analects | Where confucious' students collected his teachings after he died. |
| Legalism | started by Hanfeizi. Emphasis on law. |
| Daoism/Taoism | Harmony with nature. Way to the universe. Believed the best government was one that governed the least. |
| Shi Huandi | "1st ruler". Abolished Fedalism. Started the Great Wall of China, Qin dynasty. |
| Great Wall | Started by Shi Huangdi, Connected many walls protecting China |
| Gao zu | Liu Ban took the title as emperor. Han dynasty. |
| Wudi | Most famous Han emperor. Strengthened government and Ecomony. |
| Silk Road | Linked China and west for centuries. over 4,000 miles long. |
| Wang Chong | Chinese scientist who argued eclipses didn't show heavens anger |
| Ban Zhao | Woman who wrote a book on the proper behavior of a woman. |
| Monopoly | Complete ontrol of product or business by one person or group. Han Dynasty - Salt and Iron |
| Expansionism | increase of territory |
| Warlord | Local military rulers; over threw Han Dynasty |
| Acupuncture | Treatment where needles are inserted at various points to relieve pain. Han Dynasty. |
| Bindasaura | Indian ruler credited with expanding India's borders. |
| Brahma | Hindu god known as the Creator |
| Cai Lun | Chinese inventor who made durable paper from wood pulp |
| Chandragupta II | Founder of the Gupta dynasty |
| Confucius | Chinese philosopher who believed that people are naturally good. His students collected his sayings in the "analects" |
| Hanfeizi | Chinese philosopher who taught that "the nature of man is evil" started legalism. |
| Lao Tzu | Founder of Daoism/Taoism |
| Liu Bang | Peasant leader who founded the Han dynasty |
| Mahavira | Indian teacher who founded Jainism |
| Vishnu | Hindu god known as the Preserver |
| Rather than being focused on a spiritual approach, ______________'s interest in philosophy was both Political and ________. | Confucius, Ethical |
| Two main elements of Confucianism are _____________ and ___________. | Duty, Humanity |
| The collected sayings of Buddha are contained in the ____________. | Tripitakas |
| In order to prepare for the civil service exam, men had to study _____________. | Confucianism |
| The origins of ____________ are found in the Vedas and the ___________. | Hinduism, Upanishads. |
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baricma
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