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chap 9-12 test
med term test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| kidneys | nephr, ren |
| renal pelvis | pyel |
| urine | ur, urin |
| ureters | ureter |
| urinary bladder | cyst |
| urethra | urethr |
| prostate | prostat |
| kidneys | sit retroperitoneally with one on each side |
| renal cortex | outer region of kidney |
| urination | micturation |
| nephrologist | specializes in kidneys |
| nephroptosis | floating kidney |
| nephrolithiasis | presence of stones in kidney |
| nephrolith | kidney stone |
| cystolith | stone in bladder |
| ureterectasis | distention (enlargement) of ureter |
| ureterorrhagia | bleeding from ureter |
| urethrorrhagia | bleeding from urethra |
| urethrostenosis | narrowing of urethra |
| diuresis | increased output of urine |
| dysuria | difficult or painful urine |
| enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine |
| nocturia | excessive urination at night |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| cystoscopy | visual exam of bladder |
| KUB | X-ray of kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
| diuretics | meds to increase urination |
| nephrolysis | freeing of kidney from adhesions |
| lithotripsy | used to break up stones with ultrasonic waves |
| ureteroplasty | surgical repair of ureter |
| lithotomy | surgical incision for stone removal |
| brain | cerebr, encephal |
| spinal cord | myel |
| nerves | neur |
| ganglion | nerve center made up of CLUSTER OF NERVE CELLS outside central nervous system |
| plexus | network of INTERSECTING spinal nerves |
| receptors | SITES in sensory organs |
| stimulus | excites a nerve and causes a response |
| norepinephrine | released at synaptic nerve endings, responds to hypotension. |
| tract | a group of NERVE FIBERS in brain or spinal cord |
| dementia | slowly progressive decline in mental abilities. |
| encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
| lethargy | listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy |
| stupor | unresponsive state, can be aroused only briefly with vigorous attempts. |
| syncope | fainting |
| coma | no response to painful stimuli |
| persistent vegetative state | come in which the patient can have sleep and wake cycles. |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident, stroke |
| cerebral thrombosis | clot to artery in brain |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack, temporary interruption of blood to brain |
| hemorrhagic stroke | bleeding from blood vessel in brain, can occur from an aneurysm |
| aphasia | loss of ability to speak |
| narcolepsy | sleep disorder, uncontrollable episodes of sleep |
| demyelination | loss of myelin sheath |
| sciatica | inflammation that causes pain down leg, thigh, and foot |
| anticonvulsant | med to prevent seizures |
| sedative | depresses cns without sleep |
| topical anesthesia | on tissue surface |
| local anesthesia | in a limited area |
| regional aneshesia | to numb a group of nerves |
| orbit | eye socket |
| OD | right eye |
| OS | left eye |
| OU | both eyes |
| canthus | where upper and lower eyelids meet |
| cilia | eyelashes |
| conjuctiva | transparent mucous membranes to protect eye |
| lacrimal sacs or canals | tear sac |
| lacrimal duct | nasolacrimal duct |
| optic | pertaining to eye or sight |
| ocular | pertaining to eye |
| extraocular | outside eyeball |
| intraocular | within eyeball |
| sclera | white of eye |
| choroid | opaque middle layer, provides blood supply to eye |
| retina | innermost layer in posterior of eye |
| intraocular pressure | fluid pressure inside of eye |
| iris | colorful muscular layer around pupil |
| cornea | transparent outer surface of eye covering iris and pupil |
| pupil | black opening in center of iris |
| lens | curved structure that focuses images on retina |
| accommodation | eye makes adjustments for seeing at different distances |
| Ophthalmologists | specializes in eye diseases |
| optometrists | specializes in visual exams |
| conjuctivitis | pink eye |
| corneal abrasion | scratch or irritation to cornea |
| corneal ulcer | pitting of cornea |
| cataract | loss of transparency of lens |
| retinal tear | hole in retina that is pulled away |
| glaucoma | increase in intraocular pressure |
| macular degeneration | peripheral vision may stay normal |
| nyctalopia | night blindness |
| strabismus | any disorder where eyes point in different direction |
| esotropia | crosseyes |
| exotropia | walleye, outward diviation |
| visual field testing | determines loss in peripheral vision |
| corneal transplant | keratoplasty |
| retinopexy | used to reattach detached area in retina |
| pinna | auricle, external part of ear |
| tympanic membrane | eardrum |
| malleus | hammer |
| incus | anvil |
| stapes | stirrup |
| eustacian tubes | equalizes air pressure in middle ear with outside |
| oval window | separates middle ear from inner ear |
| bone conduction | the auditory ossicles vibrate and conduct sound waves through the middle ear. |
| otalgia | earache |
| otitis | inflammation of ear |
| otomycosis | swimmers ear, FUNGAL INFECTION |
| otopyorrhea | flow of pus from ear |
| otorragia | bleeding from ear |
| otosclerosis | ankylosis of bones of middle ear, fused together |
| presbycusis | gradual loss of hearing in aging |
| conductive hearing loss | sound waves can't pass through fluid filled ear |
| sensorineural hearing loss | nerve of hair cells in inner ear are damaged |
| tympanostomy tubes | to relieve pressure and drain fluid |
| skin | cutane, derm |
| nails | onych, unbga |
| cutaneous | relating to skin |
| epidermis | outermost layer of skin |
| epidermis | does not contain blood vessels or connective tissue |
| dermis | corium, below epidermis |
| spinal anesthesia | to numb spinal cord |
| general anesthesia | total loss of body sensation |
| neuroplasty | surgical repair of nerve |
| neurorrhaphy | surgical suturing of nerve |
| neurotomy | surgical incision of nerve |
| post traumatic stress disorder | stress caused by traumatic experience |
| acrophobia | fear of high places |
| agoraphobia | fear of situations that cause panic attacks |
| claustrophobia | fear of being enclosed |
| ADD | attention deficit disorder |
| dyslexia | developmental reading disorder |
| kleptomania | causes stealing |
| pyromania | disorder to set fires |
| conversion disorder | changes to physical function that is caused by traumatic experience (mentally going blind) |
| SSRI | serotonin re-uptake inhibitor selective (meds used for depression) |
| eyes | opt, optic, ophthalm |
| retina | retin |
| ears | ot |
| sound | acous, audi |
| AD | right ear |
| AS | left ear |
| AU | both ears |
| collagen | glue like material in skin |
| heparin | anticoagulant |
| sebaceous gland | located in dermis, associated with hair follicles, secretes sebum. |
| sweat glands | sudoriferous glands |
| perspiring | sweating |
| fissure | groove like crack in skin |
| strawberry hemangioma | soft raised dark red purple birthmark |
| lupus erythematosis | autoimmune disorder causes butterfly rash |
| keloid | abnormal scar beyond incision |
| keratosis | wart or callus |
| lipoma | benign fatty tumor between skin and muscle |
| nevi | moles |
| polyp | mushroom like growth from surface of mucous membrane |
| skin tags | polyps hang from skin by stalks |
| actinic keratosis | precancerous growth on sun damaged skin |
| botox | temporarily blocks nerves |
| tinea | ringworm (fungus) |
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