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Chapter 2 Cul Ant

Cultural Anthropology

QuestionAnswer
adaptive customs Customs that enhance survival and reproductive success in a particular environment. Usually applied to biological evolution, the term is also often used by cultural anthroploogists to refer to cultural traits that enhance reproductive success.
cultural relativism The attitude that a society's customs and ideas should be viewed within the context of that society's problems and opportunities.
culture The set of learned behaviors and ideas (including beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals) that are characteristic of a particular society or population.
ethnocentric Refers to judgement of other cultures solely in terms of one's own culture.
ethnocentrism The attitude that other societies' customs and ideas can be judged in the context of one's own culture.
fieldwork Firsthand exper with people being studied & the usual means which anthro info is obtained. Regardless other methods (e.g., censuses, surveys) that anthrop may use, fieldwork usualy involves partic-observ for an extended period of time, a year or more.
maladaptive customs Customs that diminish chances of survival & reproduction in a particular environ. Usually applied 2 biological evolution, term often used by cultural anthro 2 refer 2 behavioral/cultural traits that r likely 2 disappear cause they diminish reprod success.
norms Standards or rules aboout acceptable behavior in a society. The importance of a norm usually can be judged by how members of a society respond when the norm is violated.
participant-observation Living among the people being studied/observing/questioning/&(when possible) taking part in the import events of the group. Writing or otherwise recording notes on observ. quest asked & answered, & things 2 check out later r parts of participation-observ.
society A group of people who occupy a particular territory and speak a common language not generally undefstood by neighboring peoples. By this definition, societies do not necessarily correspond to nations.
subculture The shared customs of a subgroup within a society.
Created by: LMerkiel
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