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Chapter 2 Terms

World History

TermDefinition
Fertile Crescent arc of rich farmland in southwest Asia.
Mesopotamia The land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
city-state Political unit much like an independent country.
dynasty Series of rulers from a single family.
cultural diffusion New ideas spreading from one culture to another.
polytheism Belief in many gods.
empire Peoples, nations, or independent states under control of one ruler.
Hammurabi Babylonian ruler famous for his code of laws.
delta Marshy area at the mouth of a river.
Narmer King of Upper Egypt who united Upper and Lower Egypt.
pharaoh Egyptian ruler thought of as a god.
theocracy Government in which the ruler is considered to be a divine figure.
pyramid Resting place for Egyptian kings after death.
mummification Process by which a body is preserved after death.
hieroglyphics Egyptian writing system.
papyrus Plant used to make a paper-like material.
subcontinent Land mass that is a distinct part of a continent.
monsoon Seasonal wind.
Harappan Civilization Ancient settlements in the Indus River Valley.
loess Fertile soil.
oracle bone Animal bone used by ancient Chinese priests to communicate with the gods.
Mandate of Heaven Divine approval of the ruler.
dynastic cycle Pattern of rise, fall, and replacement of dynasties.
feudalism Political system in which noble or lords are granted the use of lands that belong to the king.
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