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Islam Review Guide

Unit 1 - Test Study (PART 7 ~ FINAL SELF-CHECK)

QuestionAnswer
Muhammad / Hijrah Muhammad founded Islam; the 622 Hijrah moved him and his followers to Medina and created the first Muslim community.
Mecca / Medina / Kaaba Mecca was a trade/religious center; Medina became the first Muslim community; the Kaaba became Islam’s sacred shrine.
Five Pillars / Shari'ah Five Pillars = belief, prayer, charity, fasting, pilgrimage. Shari’ah applies Islamic teachings to daily life.
Abu Bakr He reunited the Islamic world by suppressing tribal political and religious uprisings.
Umayyad vs. Abbasid Umayyads: Damascus, hereditary leadership, Arab emphasis. Abbasids: Baghdad, Persian influence, greater inclusion of non-Arab Muslims.
Sunni–Shia split Developed from disagreement over leadership after Muhammad and became a lasting religious division.
Trade Trade spread goods, wealth, crops, ideas, and Islam across the Islamic world.
Achievements Algebra, zero/Indian numerals, astronomy, astrolabe, medicine, philosophy, literature, libraries, and architecture.
Abrahamic comparison Judaism, Christianity, and Islam share Abrahamic roots. Islam recognizes Jesus as a prophet and Muhammad as the final prophet/revelation bearer.
Abbasid decline Succession struggles, corruption, lavish spending, powerful military groups, decentralization, and independent dynasties weakened Abbasid authority.
Created by: user-2063195
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