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world history

TermDefinition
Filial Piety the virtue of respecting, obeying, and caring for one’s parents, grandparents, ancestors, and emperor
Shogun Japanese military leader who ruled in place of the Emperor
Manchu Manchurians who conquered china, putting an end to the Ming dynasty and founding the Qing Dynasty
Son of Heaven The sacred imperial title of the supreme monarch of China
Neo-Confucianism confucian philosophy that developed in China during the 969-1279 CE as a response to Buddish and Daoism Influence.
Kublai Khan Emperor that established the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368) after the defeat of the southern sing dynasty, he ignored Chinese political/cultural traditions and displaced Chinese bureaucrats in favor of Persian and other foreign administrators.
Hongwu Led the Ming Dynasty through 1328-1398, drove the mongols out of china, and embraced Chinese traditions.
Yongle Led the Ming Dynasty through 1403-1424, conducted maritime expeditions to display Chinese power.
Kangxi Led the Qing Dynasty through 1661-1772, he overtook the island of Taiwan, projected Chinese influence into Central Asia, and applied Confucian teachings through policy.
Qianlong Led the Qing Dynasty through 1736-1795, he expanded Kangi’s imperialist agenda, maintained military locations in eastern Turkestan, increased imperial treasury while canceling taxes, and gave tasks to favorable castrated men.
Confucius Chinese philosopher that inspired Confucian/ Neo-Confucianism.
Matteo Ricci Italian Jesuit missionary that went to china to convince Chinese people that the doctrines of Confucius and Jesus was similar and that Christianity is superior to other religions including Confucianism bc it’s the true religion.
In what way did transoceanic connections influence East Asian societies? American food crops by Spanish merchants -> growing population-> buying, trading, and selling grows -> Japanese and American silver -> expands the commercial and financial markets.
What are some reasons why Europeans were unable to colonize East Asia? A strong government and military , huge population, and profitable trade opportunities.
this dynasty Relocated capital from Nanjing to Beijing The Ming Dynasty because they wanted to closely watch the Mongols and other nomadic people in the north.
What happened during the mid 15 century and what dynasty? The Ming dynasty. The mongol forces massacred Chinese armies and captured the MING emperor.
What caused the collapse of the Ming dynasty? political corruption, famine, and manchus conquering the Ming dynasty
This dynasty wanted to eradicate mongols and other foreign influence The Ming dynasty because they wanted to create a stable society that mirrored Chinese past dynasties (song dynasty)
The Great Wall of China was built during this dynasty the Ming dynasty. it was built during the 7th century
Who seized benijing in 1644 and campaigned against Ming loyalists and other rebels in southern China? The manchus
who preserved their own ethnic and cultural identity through outlawing intermarriage between Manchus and chinese from traveling to Manchuria? The Manchus.
their ancestors traded with china since the Qin Dynasty The manchus. They traded from 221-206 BCE
What does it mean to be the son of heaven? According to Chinese tradition, heavenly powers chose the emperor to maintain order on earth. They live in a forbidden city in Beijing and hangs around concubines and eunuchs
Who are scholar-bureaucrats? they’re the emperor’s appointed government officials. They dominated china’s political and social life because they received degrees with good education
what’s the civil service examination? Gruelsome tests that determine entry into the civil service. only 300 males passed. it encouraged men to get formal education to reach honor, power, and rewards
What did the Chinese education system focus on? the philosophy of Confucian. It molded personal values of those that managed daily affairs in imperial China.
How were women treated? gender relations Boys were preferred over girls, Confucian principles subjected women to the authority of men, girls were force to wrap their feet tightly with cloth to make their feet small, and forced to marry by contract.
what was the population growth and economic development looking like? Spanish merchants introduced food crops to China, the population grew and it placed an emphasis in commercial market, and the economy benefited from Japanese/American silver after the mid 16 which expanded trading and finance.
Who’s on the top of the confucian social pyramid? the privileged classes: The emperor, his family, and scholar bureaucrats
who’s second on the Confucian social pyramid? working classes: peasants, artisans, and merchants
Who’s last on the Confucian social pyramid? The lower classes: Soliders, enslaved people, prostitutes, servants, entertainers, and marginalized groups. also known as mean people
When did neo confucianism start and what was it? Began in the 12th century with zhu Xi, a scholar. It combined the moral, ethical, and political values of Confucius with logical rigor and power from Buddhist philosophy.
Who’s Tokugawa leyaso? the unification of Japan A shogun that reigned 1600-1616 and established a military government. He Controlled relations between Japan and the outside like lifting the ban for Dutch trade during the 18th century
How did Tokugawa control the daimyo? He created an policy that encouraged the daimyo to buy residences instead of investing in military forces. Also help him keep an eye on them.
What are the floating worlds? Quarters that higher classes could go to for entertainment and pleasure. Basically to take a break from social responsibilities.
Why was there conflict between Christians missionaries and anti Christian advocates during the 16th and 17th centuries? shoguns promoted neo Confucianism but intellectual life focused on Japanese superiority in traditional religion and education.
Created by: JojowillgoLoco
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