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WEEK 1:

Undernutrition and Dietetics:

QuestionAnswer
dietetics use of diet in prevention/ treatment of disease
how to assess nutritional status anthropometry (height, weight, girth - BMI, growth charts, and reference values), biochemistry and haematology (eg CRP) and function (muscle strength and physical signs eg wound healing)
ways to assess body composition skin folds, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dual-energy x ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and MRI
generalised undernutrition deficiency of calories (negative energy balance)
specific undernutrition deficiency of an essential nutrient
primary undernutrition related to the diet
secondary undernutrition related to an illness or condition
causes of undernutrition increased demand for nutrients, reduced delivery of nutrients to gastrointestinal system, and inability for gastrointestinal system to absorb nutrients
response to calorie undernutrition reduced carb/protein = reduced insulin = suppresses skeletal muscle proteolysis = amino acids released = gluconeogenesis using fatty acids as energy = make ketone bodies = protein tissue breakdown + death
marasmus general protein energy malnutrition (PEM) severe calorie and protein deficiency with no oedema
kwashiokor specific protein energy malnutrition (PEM) severe protein deficiency linked to low plasma albumin concentrations (hypoalbuminaemia) with oedema
enteral nutrition support given when patients expected to have not received adequate nutrition for 7 days
refeeding syndrome potentially fatal shifts in fluid and electrolytes that may occur in malnourished patients on refeeding following a period of starvation
Created by: 22tango
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