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WEEK 1:
Energy Balance:
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| SI unit for energy | joule (J) |
| non SI unit for energy | calorie (cal) |
| 1kcal = | 4.184 kJ |
| examples where energy intake is greater than energy expenditure (positive weight gain) | development of obesity, growth, pregnancy, and recovery from depletion |
| examples where energy expenditure is greater than energy intake (negative weight loss) | anorexia nervosa, starvation, voluntary weight loss, loss of appetite |
| gross energy (GE) | amount of heat liberated when food is burned in a bomb calorimeter (total energy in a feed) |
| digestible energy (DE) | gross energy - energy lost in faeces (energy derived from digestion of a feed) |
| metabolisable energy (ME) | digestible energy - energy lost in urine and gastrointestinal gas (energy available for use) |
| net energy (NE) | metabolisable energy - energy lost in process of digestion (fermentation and metabolism of nutrients) |
| basal metabolic rate (BMR) accounts for | 60-70% of total energy expenditure |
| energy expenditure of physical activity (EEA) accounts for | 25-30% of energy expenditure |
| diet induced thermogenesis (DIT) | increase in metabolic rate after meal and accounts for 10% of energy expenditure |
| factors affecting BMR | body weight, height, fat free mass, fat mass, age, sex, hormones, temperature and pregnancy |
| describe the estimated average requirement (EAR) graph | estimates average requirement of energy or a nutrient (50% need more 50% need less) |
| reference nutrient intake (RNI) | amount nutrient that is enough to ensure needs met |
| how to estimate energy requirements | estimate basal metabolic rate (BMR) using Henry Equations (based on age gender and weight), add factor when patient is metabolically stressed, and add factor for activity and diet induced thermogenesis |
| adult protein requirement | 0.75g protein/kg/day |
| 1g N2 = | 6.25g protein |
Created by:
22tango
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