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History lesson 4
Mr. Stinson Lesson 4-1, 4-2, 4-3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| __________ began to take ships to other parts of the world | European Explorers |
| Why did the explorers take ships to other parts of the world? | looking for valuables that they could sell or trade |
| what things were most popular that explorers searched for? | gold and spices such as cinnamon |
| went to Asia to meet Kublai Khan | Marco Polo |
| Marco Polo wrote a book about his journey called? | "The Travels" |
| Europeans also looked at the natives as? | savages that needed religion |
| The first long distance ships were invented by _______ and names ________ | Portugal; Caravel ships |
| Caravel ships traveled faster and had a larger cargo hold, so they were more _______ | economical |
| advances in ________ made the maps more reliable | cartography |
| cartography | map making |
| device invented by the Greeks to navigate by the sun and stars ( a very big improvement in culture) | astroblade |
| invented in China and used to determine true north | compass |
| sailors also studied the _________ to help them travel faster | winds and currents |
| In 1420, _______ discovered gold in West Africa (became known as the __________) | Portugal; Gold Coast |
| Portugal opened the area for ________ that they took away from the locals | spice trade |
| landed in the Americans thinking he was in Asia | Columbus |
| Who was Columbus' expedition funded by? | Queen Isabella of Spain in 1492 |
| _________ sailed around the tip of South America to reach the Pacific Ocean | in 1519, Magellan |
| determined which lands were open to Spain and which to Portugal | treaty of Tordesillas 1494 |
| _________ did not have input in the treaty | The Africans + South Americans |
| ________ had conquerors that sailed to the new lands (conquistadors) | Spanish Empire |
| most famous of the Spanish empire was? | Cortes |
| what did Cortes do? | he led the conquest of the Aztec people in Mexico (this is why the people of Mexico speak Spanish) |
| Cortes recruited local tribes that hated the ______ to help them | Aztecs |
| The introduced new _______ to the locals and kidnapped their leader _______ | diseases; Montezuma |
| What did Cortes and the people do to the Aztecs? | burned their ships when they landed to ensure his men fought with zeal |
| His __________ overwhelmed even though he had a small army | modern weapons (swords, spears, arrows, knives, armore, etc) |
| _______ conquered the Inca in Peru? | Pizzaro |
| Pizzaro established the colony of _____ | Lima |
| settlement of people living in a new territory | Colony |
| formed the West India Company | Dutch |
| The Dutch later went bankrupt when? | English seized the colony of what is now New York |
| term given to the economic impact of the Renaissance | Commercial Revolution |
| What did the Commercial Revolution include? | trade, economic practices, exploration, and colonization |
| shares of ownership are sold to investors | joint stock company |
| With more money available from the investors they could? | increase their expansion |
| believed that the wealth of a country depended on the amount of gold they owned | mercantilism |
| the ratio of goods exported to the number of goods imported | balance of trade |
| government payments given to stimulate trade and production | subsidies |
| taxes levied on items that are imported | tariffs |
| what were tariffs used for? | to protect those who produce that same product in the country |
| trade that was occurring between Europe and the Americas | Columbian Exchange |
| a large agricultural estate | plantations |
| plantations were used originally to grow ______ | tobacco |
| Plantations were established by European countries to? | exploit the people and resources |
| Exported tobacco to ______ | Europe |
| Spain introduced the ____ to North America | horse |
| Introduction of new diseases was devastating to the natives because? | they had no immunity |
| initially used to provide workers for the sugar cane farms | atlantic slave trade |
| ______ had been around since ancient times | slavery (ex. Israelites taken into Egypt) |
| ____ brought the first slaves from Africa to the Americas | In 1518; Spain |
| developed between Europe, Africa, and America | Triangular Trade |
| What did the Triangular Trade include? | 1. Europe ships goods to Africa 2. Africa ships slaves to America 3. America produces goods and sends to Europes |
| voyage across the Atlantic from Africa to America | Middle Passage |
| many slaves died during the journeys because of? | diseases |
| originally slaves were prisoners of? | war between tribes |
| as the need for slaves grew? | they began to enslave more of the people |
| It became good business for the African people to? | trap their own people and sell them |
| how did the people damage villages? | by removing the young and healthy that would normally do the main work for the tribe. |
| The _____ of the tribes and villages was permanently changed from the results of slavery | culture |
| Latin America copied the _____ and ______ of their colonizers | culture; patterns |
| officials that were born in Europe | Peninsulares |
| European descendants born in Latin America | Creoles |
| mixed race person of European and Native American descent | Mestizos |
| offspring of European and African people | Mulattoes |
| each group ________ the group below them | looked down on |
| removal of natural resources to send back to the home country | Resource extraction |
| ______ was most valuable and made the Europeans rich | Gold |
| damaged the land by poor land management | Colonial farming |
| too many cattle on an area of land | overgazing |
| removal of trees and not replanting | deforestation |
| growing the same crop over and over on the same land | overcultivation |
| system that forced Native Americans to work and pay taxes | Encomienda |
| The _______ would then protect the natives in Encomienda | land owners |
| The landowners were to instruct the natives in the ways of? | The Catholic Church |
| In Peru, they used a _____ system | mita |
| allows the drafting of workers for the silver mines | mita |
| to select someone for a purpose | draft |
| placed in charge of a colony | Viceroy |
| colonies ruled by the viceroy | Viceroyalties |
| Spain established ___________ throughout their colonies | Catholic Missions |
| The Catholic missions by Spain felt the need to educate the natives because they deemed them as _____ | sinners |
| Many current U.S. cities were once? | Spanish Missions (ex. San Antonio) |
| Spanish missions gave women the opportunity to become _____ | nuns |
| women that chose the mission of spreading the church | nuns |
| Spanish missions provided schools to? | improve the education of the natives |
| In some cases, natives were forced to? | live in missions and were held against their will |
| What was the Emancipation Proclamation? | It was an executive order issued by President Sbraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, declaring enslaved people in Confederate states to be free. |
| What was the specific result of the Emancipation Proclamation? | Over one million enslaved people were freed by the end of the Civil War as a result of the Proclamation and military action. |
| What was the impact the Emancipation Proclamation had on the slaves? | They were no longer held by bondage and were able to truly live without being commanded to do things others wanted them to. |
| What were the slaves able to do after being set free? | They were able to have careers, cultivate crops for themselves, acquire land, be paid for the work they did, rebuild family ties, establish independent religious institutions, and form communities |
Created by:
Emmalyn Cruse
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