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MED158 PHLEBOTOMY
MED158 CH09-10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Skin puncture blood most closely resembles A. Tissue fluid B. Venous blood C. Intracellular blood D. Arterial blood | D. Arterial blood |
| What is the term that means related to or marked by jaundice and is used to describe serum, plasma, or urine specimens that have an abnormal deep yellow-brown color due to high bilirubin levels? A. Limpemic B. Cloudy C. Hemolysed D. Icteric | D. Icteric |
| Why are capillary blood gases less desirable than arterial blood gases (ABGs)? A. Skin puncture blood is only partly arterial in composition B. skin puncture blood contains tissue fluid. C. All of the options are correct D. the blood is exposed to air during collection | C. All of the options are correct |
| When doing a skin puncture on a young child how might you hold their hand? A. Have the parent hold the hand of the child B. Hold the finger being puncture tightly so will not move C. Hold onto three to four fingers to prevent child from moving D. Do heel puncture on child that cannot hold still | C. Hold onto three to four fingers to prevent child from moving |
| Some patients become faint at just the thought or sight of the blood being drawn. There are many other contributing factors that can cause a patient to faint. What should a phlebotomist due in case his/her patient faints? A. Talk to the patient and reassure them B. Apply a cold compress to forehead or back of neck C. Protect patient from injury by physically supporting them D. All of the above | D. All of the above |
| It is necessary to control depth of lancet insertion during skin puncture to avoid: A. Puncturing an artery B. Excessive bleeding C. Bone injury D. Bacterial infection | C. Bone injury |
| Skin puncture blood reference values (normal) are higher for A. Calcium B. Total protein C. Glucose D. Phosphorus | C. Glucose |
| You must draw a protime specimen from a patient with IVs in both arms. Which of the following is the best thing to do? Draw the specimen A. Distal to an IV B. From an ankle vein C. Proximal to an IV D. From an IV | A. Distal to an IV |
| The following are lab test that cannot be collected using a capillary puncture except? A. PT or APTT specimens B. Hematocrit (Hct) C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) D. Blood cultures | B. Hematocrit (Hct) |
| How long before obtaining blood for testing should drugs known to interfere with blood tests be discontinued? A. 1 to 4 hours B. 4 to 24 hours C. 48 to 72 hours D. 24 to 36 hours | B. 4 to 24 hours |
| Why is EDTA (lavender) specimens obtained before other specimens when collected by skin puncture? A. Collection order does not matter B. To minimize tissue fluid contamination C. To minimize effects of platelet clumping D. To reduce effects of hemolysis | C. To minimize effects of platelet clumping |
| Which instance most closely resembles basal state? A patient who has A. Just arrived for a fasting blood test B. Just awakened at 0600 after fasting all night C. worked all night but did not eat at work D. Been lying down for an hour | B. Just awakened at 0600 after fasting all night |
| What are special small plastic tubes used to collect the tiny amounts of blood obtained from skin puncture, often referred to as "bullet" tubes? A. ETS tube B. Baby tubes C. Microcollection tubes D. Heel tubes | C. Microcollection tubes |
| A blood smear made from an EDTA (Lavender top) should be made A. Within 4 hours of collection B. Anytime after collection C. Within 12 hours of collection D. Within 1 hour of collection | D. Within 1 hour of collection |
| Which of the following vascular access devices is inserted in the peripheral venous system for the purpose of blood collection and administration of medication? A. Implanted port B. PICC C. Fistula D. Heparin lock | D. Heparin lock |
| What type of tube is typically used to collect a baby Bilirubin specimen? A. lavender-color microcollectio tube B. clear-color microcollection tube C. royal blue-color microcollection tube D. amber-color microcollection tube | D. amber-color microcollection tube |
| Prolonged tourniquet application may cause a change in blood composition primarily because of A. Homeostasis B. Hemoglobin C. Hemolysis D. Hemoconcentration | D. Hemoconcentration |
| A fistula is a(n): A. Implanted port attached to an indwelling line B. An A-line placed in an artery C. Permanent fusion of an artery and a vein D. Special winged infusion set left in a patient's arm | C. Permanent fusion of an artery and a vein |
| What is the most common complication of venipuncture? A. Pain B. Syncope C Petechiae D. Hematoma | D. Hematoma |
| Which of the following situations can result in hemoconcentration? A. Partially filling a normal-draw tube B Leaving the tourniquet on over 1 minute C. Drawing a large tube with a small needle D. Mixing the specimen too vigorously | B Leaving the tourniquet on over 1 minute |
| It is not a good idea to collect a CBC specimen from a screaming infant because the A. Platelets are more likely to clump B. Specimen will be more likely to hemolyze C. White blood count may be falsely elevated D. Specimen will be hemoconcentrated | C. White blood count may be falsely elevated |
| What is the purpose of warming the site before skin puncture? A. It makes the veins more visible B. It increases blood flow up to seven times C. It comforts the patient D. It prevents hemolysis of the sample | B. It increases blood flow up to seven times |
| Which of the following is the safest area for infant heel puncture? A. The lateral or medial plantar surface B. The area of the arch C. The posterior curvature D. The central area | A. The lateral or medial plantar surface |
| Which instance may lead you to suspect that you have accidentally punctured an artery? A. The blood obtained is dark red B. The blood pulses into the tube C. A patient may develop a hematoma over time D. There is no way to tell | B. The blood pulses into the tube |
| Failure to draw blood during a venipuncture attempt can be caused by a number of procedural errors. Being aware of these errors and knowing how to correct them may determine whether you obtain blood on the first try. All the following are procedural errors that can occur except? A. Tube being cracked releasing the vacuum B. The needle penetrating through the vein C. Tube with expired date D. The needle being seated into the vein | D. The needle being seated into the vein |
| The following blood component can be elevated with moderate exercise? A. Total Protein B. All of the above C. Glucose D. Creatinine | B. All of the above |
| What type of tube might you use if you know the patient is a hard stick with veins that might collapse for a PTT test? A. Grey top tube B. Normal draw light blue top tube C. Short draw light blue top tube D. ETS purple top tube | C. Short draw light blue top tube |
| A phlebotomist has attempted twice to draw a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) specimen from a patient with difficult veins. Both times the phlebotomist has been able to draw only a partial tube. What should the phlebotomist do? A. Send the tube with the most blood to the laboratory with a note that it was a difficult draw. B. Have another phlebotomist attempt to draw the specimen C. Collect the specimen by skin puncture D. Pour the two tubes together and mix well | B. Have another phlebotomist attempt to draw the specimen |
| What is an example of a lab test that a Thick Blood smear preparation test would be used? (Thick blood smear is a drop of blood on slide as big as nickel or quarter) A. Fat content B. Hepatitis C. Malaria D. CBC | C. Malaria |
| Which of the following tests is most often a timed test? A. Complete blood count (CBC) B. Rapid plasma regain (RPR) C. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | C. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) |
| When the arm of the patient is swollen with excess fluid, the condition is called A. Syncope B. Icterus C. Hemoconcentration D. Edema | D. Edema |
| Why should a laboratory report form indicate the fact that a specimen has been collected using skin puncture? A. For liability insurance and billing purposes B. Because test results may vary depending on the method of collection C. So that subsequent specimens will be collected by skin puncture also D. So that the patient's nurse can check the site for signs of infection | B. Because test results may vary depending on the method of collection |
| Most tests confirm health or screen/diagnose/monitor disease. Results are compared with expected values from healthy individuals. Because values vary, they are reported as a range with high and low limits, called? A. Normal range B. Basal range C. Patient range D. Reference range | D. Reference range |
| A skin puncture should be done rather than a venipuncture in all of the following situations except A. When a small volume of blood is adequate B. When a light blue stopper tube is needed C. A patient with difficult veins D. A child younger that 1 year of age | B. When a light blue stopper tube is needed |
| Do not perform a skin puncture parallel to the grooves or lines of the fingerprint. A parallel puncture will allow the blood to flow ____. A. In a circular pattern forming a rounded drop. B. Across the finger forming a rounded drop. C. None of the above D. Down the finger preventing the formation of a rounded drop | D. Down the finger preventing the formation of a rounded drop |
| What does the term "calcaneus" mean? A. Bone infection B. Heel bone C. Calcium containing D. Venous blood | B. Heel bone |
| The following area/s should not be punctured during a heel puncture? A. Arch B. Posterior curvature of the heel C. Bruised areas D. All of the above | D. All of the above |
| What is the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommended maximum depth of heel puncture? A. 2.0 mm B. 1.0 mm C. 2.4 mm D. 1.4 mm | A. 2.0 mm |
| The National Cholesterol Education Program recommends that lipid profiles be collected in a consistent manner after the patient has been either lying down or sitting quietly for a minimum of how many minutes? A. 10 minutes B. 15 minutes C. 5 minutes D. 20 minutes | C. 5 minutes |
| What is Phenylketonuria (PKU) lab test? A. A contagious condition caused by lack of phenylalanine B. An inherited condition caused by lack of thyroid hormone C. An acquired condition caused by lack of pheylalanine D. A genetic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize pheylatlanine | D. A genetic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize pheylatlanine |
| All of the following are procedures in collection of a microcollection container while doing skin puncture except? A. Mix additive microtubes by gently inverting them. B. Touch the tip of the tube's "scoop" to the drop of blood C. Use a scooping motion against the surface of the skin D. Allow the blood to run down the inside of the wall of the tube | C. Use a scooping motion against the surface of the skin |
| Which color top microcollection container would be used to collect a specimen for a CBC? A. Red top B. Lavender top C. Gray top D. Green top | B. Lavender top |
| Why do pregnant patients have lower reference ranges for red blood cell counts? A. The growing fetus uses up the mother's iron reserves B. Constant nausea leads to hemoconcentration of red blood cells. C. Poor appetite leads to transient anemia D. Blood fluid increases in pregnancy, having a diluting effect on red blood cells | D. Blood fluid increases in pregnancy, having a diluting effect on red blood cells |
| You have no choice but to draw a specimen from a site with a hematoma. Where should you obtain the specimen? A. Proximal to the hematoma B. In the area of the hematoma C. None of the options is correct D. Distal to the hematoma | D. Distal to the hematoma |
| The purpose of wiping away the first drop of blood during skin puncture is A. To minimize effects of platelet aggregation B. To eliminate tissue fluid contamination C. To avoid bacterial contamination D. To minimize effects of hemolysis | B. To eliminate tissue fluid contamination |
| When a fasting specimen is need for a lipid test, what is the typically time for fasting? A. 4-6 hours B. 6-8 hours C. 8-12 hours D. 8-10 hours | C. 8-12 hours |
| When a test requires a fasting specimen, but the serum is ___, it is a clue that the patient was not fasting. A. Hemolysed B. Jaundiced C. Lipemic D. Hemoconcentrated | C. Lipemic |
| If blood is drawn too quickly from a small vein, the vein will have a tendency to A. Collapse B. Bruise C. Roll C. Disintegrate | A. Collapse |
| Tiny red spots (Petechiae) that appear on a patient's arm when the tourniquet is applied are a sign that the A. Patient is allergic to latex B. Site may bleed excessively C. Patient is anemic D. Tourniquet is too light | B. Site may bleed excessively |
| Why would a phlebotomist resist drawing blood from an area that has become endemic because of an IV infiltrating surrounding tissues with fluid? A. All of the above B. Veins are harder to locate C. Easily injured by tourniquet, delay healing D. Inaccurate results because contamination with tissue fluid | A. All of the above |
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