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History 2-1 + 2-2
Honors history notes Mr. Stinson
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Trading in Italy led to the spread of _________ influence to the world during the Renaissance | artistic |
| Renaissance | period of artistic development (a period where things improve) |
| What is an example of old taxation for war campaigns? | buying out other's armies so they could work for them |
| _______ were employed to defend the states | Mercenaries |
| Mercenary | soldier paid to fight for a state or country |
| What did the church doctrine ban? | usury |
| usury | loaning of money for a fee |
| What family was the major power in the city of Florence? | The Medici family |
| The Medici family paid artists to? | produce works for them |
| What is the Medici family known as? | patrons for their support of the artisans |
| What did Machiavelli write? | A book called "The Prince". It was about political power in the world |
| What was Machiavelli's main theme of his book? | To obtain and maintain political power. Also, a leader should do good deeds help others, but also be able to do evil deeds when it was necessary (ex. defending from an army that is trying to invade your country or catching spies to protect your people) |
| What were the three classes that the renaissance was divided into? | 1. Clergy 2. Nobility 3. Peasants |
| Burghers | shopkeepers and artisans |
| The _____ looked down on the peasants and laborors | nobility |
| _______ were arranged between families | Marriages |
| dowry | sum of money or goods given to the husband from the wife's family |
| (true or false) women were much lower in population | true |
| humanism | intellectual movement based on poetry, moral philosophy, and study of the humanities |
| In humanism, why did they push away the church? | so they could figure out things on their own and rely on others instead of prayer and the church |
| Petrarch | known as the father of the Italian Renaissance (he wasn't very artistic but was a gatherer of artists) |
| Petrarch began searching for ______________ from other cultures | ancient manuscripts |
| What were some popular artists/works? | The works of Cicero (prose) and Virgil (poetry) |
| What was vernacular literature written in? | the local spoken language |
| What did Dante write? | "The Divine Comedy" |
| What was "The Dvine Comedy" about? | the soul's journey to attain paradise |
| What did Dante claim? | all people could enjoy his work because it was in a language they could understand |
| ______ arts were more popular | liberal (art and music) |
| what did liberal arts do for the people? | Allowed them to reach their potential as humans and become more well-rounded. |
| What did they add to the liberal arts? | physical education to the learning format |
| Gutenburg | invented the first printing press that created the Gutenberg Bible |
| What tools did the printing press have? | used movable type to allow the printing of material so the people could have books and manuscripts |
| Prior to the press how did they print the books? | The books were hand copied by scribes and they could not always read the language (mostly Latin) |
| What did the mass production of books encourage? | reading and learning |
| Italian Renaissance artists wanted the viewers to see the ______ in the art | reality |
| Masaccio | famous for his fresco paintings |
| fresco | painting done on wet plaster using water-based paints |
| perspective | techniques that produced a 3D depth to the painting |
| Brunelleschi | famous for his architecture |
| how did Brunelleschi create open spaces? | by the use of large domes |
| What is the linear perspective that Brunelleschi use? | the tricking of the mind to see things differently |
| Da Vinci | model of a Renaissance man |
| Who was Da Vinci? | a scientist, painter, inventor, and visionary |
| What did Da Vinci develop? | ideas for animatronics, helicopters, and tanks (he made a famous animatronic lion that the kings were amazed at) |
| What are Da Vinci's best known paintings? | The Mona Lisa and the Last Supper. The Last Supper was painted on a wall and the Mona Lisa was of his friend's wife. |
| Clergy | those who ruled/served in the Catholic Church |
| Nobility | people of money, made up of a small percent of the population |
| Peasants | largest group made up of the people that were poor and not of noble descent |
Created by:
Emmalyn Cruse
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