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Radiography Week 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does angling the Central Ray (CR) 25° cephalic mean? | The Central Ray is directed 25 degrees toward the patient's head (toward the skull) |
| What does angling the Central Ray (CR) caudad mean? | The CR is directed toward the patient's feet |
| What is the Central Ray (CR)? | The central portion of the x-ray beam that is directed at the anatomy of interest |
| Why is Central Ray angulation important? | It prevents distortion, opens joint spaces, and improves visualization of anatomy |
| What does proximal mean? | Closer to the point of attachment or the trunk |
| What does distal mean? | Farther from the point of attachment or trunk |
| What does cephalic mean? | Toward the head |
| What does caudal mean? | Toward the feet |
| What does medial mean? | Toward the body's midline |
| What does lateral mean? | Away from the body's midline |
| What does anterior mean? | Toward the front of the body |
| What does posterior mean? | Toward the back of the body |
| What are the two classifications of the human skeleton? | Axial Skeleton and Appendicular Skeleton |
| What is included in the Axial Skeleton? | Skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum |
| What is included in the Appendicular Skeleton? | Upper limbs, lower limbs, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle |
| What is the supine position? | Lying on the back, face up |
| What is the prone position? | Lying face down |
| What is the recumbent position? | Lying down in any position |
| What is the Trendelenburg position? | The patient's head is lower than the feet |
| Why is the Trendelenburg position used? | To improve blood flow to the brain or during certain medical procedures |
| What is the sagittal plane? | Divides the body into right and left portions |
| What is the midsagittal plane? | Divides the body into equal right and left halves |
| What is the coronal (frontal) plane? | Divides the body into front and back |
| What is the transverse plane? | Divides the body into upper and lower portions. |
| Why are body planes important in radiography? | They help accurately position patients and obtain diagnostic images |
| What are positioning landmarks? | Anatomical reference points used to accurately position the patient |
| Why are positioning landmarks important? | They ensure proper alignment and reduce repeat exposures |
| What routine projections are performed for the hand? | PA, oblique, and lateral |
| What routine projections are performed for the wrist? | PA, oblique, lateral, and scaphoid (when indicated) |
| Why are multiple projections taken? | To visualize anatomy from different angles and detect fractures |
| What does kVp control? | X-ray beam penetration and image contrast |
| Should kVp be increased for a fiberglass cast? | Yes, usually increase by 3-5 kVp |
| Should kVp be increased for a plaster cast? | Yes, usually increase by 8-10 kVp |
| What is Automatic Exposure Control (AEC)? | A system that automatically stops the exposure when enough radiation reaches the detector |
| Why is AEC important? | It prevents overexposure and underexposure while reducing patient dose |
| How does AEC improve patient safety? | It minimizes unnecessary radiation exposure |
| What the purpose of a grid? | To absorb scatter radiation and improve image quality |
| When should a grid be used? | When imaging body parts thicker than 10 cm |
| What happens if a grid is not used when needed? | Increased scatter reduces image contrast |
| What are the main components of the X-ray system? | X-ray tube, generator, control panel, collimator, image receptor, and table |
| What does the X-ray tube do? | Produces X-rays |
| What does the generator do? | Supplies electrical power to produce X-rays |
| What is the image receptor? | The detector that captures the image |
| What is a radiographic table used for? | Supporting the patient during imaging |
| What is an upright Bucky? | An image receptor used for standing examinations |
| What is a floating tabletop? | A table that min multiple directions for positioning |
| Where is the CR centered for a PA hand? | Third MCP joint |
| Where is the CR centered for a PA wrist? | Midcarpal area |
| Why is accurate CR centering important? | To avoid anatomy cutoff and image distortion |
| What is supination? | Rotating the hand so the palm faces upward |
| What is pronation? | Rotating the hand so the palm faces downward |
| What is flexion? | Decreasing the angle of a joint |
| 53. What is extension? | Increasing the angle of a joint |
| What is abduction? | Movement away from the body's midline |
| What is adduction? | Movement toward the body's midline |
| Why should the long axis of the body part be aligned with the image receptor? | To include the entire anatomy and reduce distortion |
| Why is correct image orientation important? | It produces diagnostic images, reduces repeat exams, and minimizes patient radiation dose |
| What does kVp affect? | Beam penetration and image contrast |
| What does mAs affect? | The quantity of X-rays and image receptor exposure |
| What is the goal of proper radiographic positioning? | To obtain the best diagnostic image while using the lowest reasonable radiation dose (ALARA) |
Created by:
wickenburg1
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