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MAT101 Reproductive
MAT101 - Reproductive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| peri- | surrounding |
| endo- | within |
| a-/an- | absence of, without |
| dys- | painful, difficult, abnormal, laboured |
| arche/o | first, beginning |
| cervic/o | cervix |
| colp/o | vagina |
| endometri/o | endometrium |
| episi/o | vulva |
| gyn/o | woman |
| gynec/o | woman |
| hymen/o | hymen |
| hyster/o | uterus |
| mamm/o | breast |
| mast/o | breast |
| men/o | menstruation |
| metr/o | uterus |
| metr/i | uterus |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| pelv/i | pelvis, pelvic bones, pelvic cavity |
| perine/o | perineum |
| salping/o | uterine tube, fallopian tube |
| trachel/o | cervix |
| vagin/o | vagina |
| vulv/o | vulva |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -atresia | occlusion, closure |
| -clesis | surgical closure |
| -ectomy | excision, surgical removal |
| -gram | the record, radiographic image |
| -graphy | process of recording, radiographic imaging |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -logist | specialist or physician who studies and treats |
| -logy | study of |
| -osis | abnormal condition |
| -pexy | surgical fixation, suspension |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -rrhaphy | suturing, repairing |
| -rrhea | flow, discharge |
| -salpinx | uterine tube, fallopian tube |
| -scope | instrument used for visual examination |
| -scopy | visually examining |
| -tomy | cut into, incision |
| salpingo-oophorectomy | excision of the uterine tube and ovary |
| menarche | begnning of menstruation |
| hymenectomy | excision of the hymen |
| mastectomy | surgical removal of the breast/excision of breast(s) and/or breast tissue |
| vesicovaginal | pertaining to the bladder and the vagina |
| amenorrhea | absence of menstrual flow |
| episioperineoplasty | surgical repair of the vulva and the perineum |
| hydrosalpinx | water in the uterine/fallopian tube |
| endocervical | pertaining to within the cervix |
| vulvovaginal | pertaining to the vulva and vagina |
| salpingectomy | excision of the uterine/fallopian tube |
| vulvovaginitis | inflammation of the vulva and vagina |
| menorrhagia | excessive bleeding at menstruation |
| pyosalpinx | pus in the uterine/fallopian tube |
| colpoperineorrhaphy | suturing of the vagina and the perineum |
| salpingitis | inflammation of the fallopian/uterine tube |
| metrorrhagia | excessive bleeding from the uterus |
| sonohysterography (SHG) | process of recording the uterus by use of sound |
| trachelectomy | excision of the cervix |
| endometriosis | abnormal condition of the endometrium |
| mammography | radiographic imaging of the breast |
| perimetritis | inflammation surrounding the uterus |
| mastopexy | surgical fixation of the breast |
| myometritis | inflammation of the uterine muscle |
| oligomenorrhea | scanty menstrual flow/infrequent or irregular periods |
| perineorrhaphy | suturing of (a tear in) the perineum |
| pelviscopic | pertaining to visual examination of the pelvic cavity |
| gynopathic | pertaining to the women |
| menometrorrhagia | excesssive bleeding from the uterus at menstruation |
| episiorrhaphy | suturing of the vulva |
| mastitis | inflammation of the breast |
| hysteroscope | instrument used for visual examination of the uterus |
| endometritis | inflammation of the endometrium |
| pelviscopy | visual examination of the pelvic cavity |
| mammoplasty | surgical repair of the breast (particularly after mastectomy) |
| hysterosalpingogram (HSG) | radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes |
| gynecology | study of women/female reproductive system |
| hematosalpix | blood in the uterine/fallopian tube |
| hysteroscopy | visual examination of the uterus |
| hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy | excision of the uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries |
| leukorrhea | white discharge |
| dysmenorrhea | painful menstrual flow |
| colposcopy | process of viewing the vagina |
| oophoritis | inflammation of the ovary |
| tracehlorrhaphy | suturing of the cervix |
| gynecologist | specialist/physician who studies and treats disorders and diseases of women/female reproductive system |
| vaginosis | abnormal condition of the vagina |
| mastalgia | pain in the breast |
| colporrhaphy | suturing of (a tear in) the vagina |
| oophorectomy | excision of the ovary |
| salpingostomy | creation of an artificial opening in the uterine tube |
| hysteropexy | surgical fixation of the uterus |
| colpocleisis | surgical closure of the vagina |
| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
| vaginal | pertaining to the vagina |
| colposcope | instrument used to view the vagina |
| vulvectomy | excision of the vulva |
| cervicitis | inflammation of the cervix |
| mammogram | radiographic image of the breast |
| hysterectomy | excision of the uterus |
| hymenotomy | incision into the hymen |
| colpoplasty | surgical repair of the vagina |
| ovulation | release of ovum from a mature graafian follicle |
| Papanicolaou Smear (PAP test) | a smear method for examining cells, that is used to detect cancers of the cervix |
| prolapse | displacement of an organ or anatomical structure from its normal position |
| dyspareunia | difficult or painful intercourse |
| fistula | abnormal passageway between two organs or an internal organ and the body surface |
| tubal ligation | surgical closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization |
| speculum | instrument for opening a body cavity to allow for visual inspection |
| menopause | cessation of menstruation |
| contraception | intentional prevention of conception (pregnancy) |
| acanthosis nigricans | a disorder that causes darkening and thickening of the skin on the neck, groin, underarms or skin folds |
| acrochordons | skin tags, teardrop-sized pieces of skin that can be as large as raisins and are typically found in the armpits or neck area |
| androgens | male hormones |
| antiandrogens | a group of medications that counteract the effects of male hormones |
| antibiotics | medications that stop bacterial infections |
| antiretrovirals | treatment that works against the virus replication |
| anti-virals | treatments that work effectively against a virus |
| asymptomatic | pertaining to without symptoms |
| autoinoculation | self inoculation |
| axilla | the armpit |
| Bartholin's glands/greater vestibular glands | responsible to secrete mucus to keep the vestibular area moist |
| bilateral | pertaining to both sides |
| douching | washing the vagina with fluid |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| endocrinology | study of endocrine glands and hormones |
| endometrium | innermost layer containing a connective tissue covered by epithelial tissue that lines the lumen; provides site of implantation for a fertilized egg; sheds during menstruation if no egg is fertilized |
| endoscopy | process of viewing internally |
| fornix | superior portion of the vagina |
| gametes | haploid reproductive cells that contribute genetic material to form an offspring |
| hirsuitism | excessive hair all over the body |
| homeostasis | biological process that results in stable equilibrium |
| inferior | pertaining to below |
| intramuscular | pertaining to within the muscle |
| laparoscopy | process of viewing internal organs |
| lumbago | lower back pain |
| oocyte | female gamete |
| polyuria | frequent urination |
| proliferate | reproduce rapidly |
| puerperium | time directly after childbirth |
| superior | pertaining to above |
| unilateral | pertaining to one side |
| urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| BC | birth control |
| Cx | cervix |
| D&C | dilation and curettage |
| FCC | fibrocystic breast changes |
| GYN | gynecology |
| HPV | human papillomavirus |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| IUD | intrauterine device |
| LAVH | laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy |
| PCOS | polycystic ovarian syndrome |
| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease |
| PMS | premenstrual syndrome |
| TAH/BSO | total abdominal hysterectomy/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy |
| TLH | total laparoscopic hysterectomy |
| TSS | toxic shock syndrome |
| TVH | total vaginal hysterectomy |
| TVS | transvaginal sonography |
| UAE | uterine artery embolization |
| AB | antibiotic |
| CT | chlamydia |
| GC | gonorrhea (gonococcus) |
| HSV | herpes simplex virus |
| STD | sexually transmitted disease(s) |
| STI | sexually transmitted infection(s) |
| HSV-1 | herpes simplex virus 1 |
| HSV-2 | herpes simplex virus 2 |
| crypt- | hidden |
| en- | in |
| epi- | above |
| hyper- | above, excess |
| hypo- | below |
| par- | near |
| trans- | through, across, beyond |
| andr/o | male |
| balan/o | glans penis |
| epididym/o | epididymis |
| gonad/o | gonad |
| orch/o | testis, testicle |
| orchi/o | testis, testicle |
| pen/o | penis |
| pen/i | penis |
| phall/o | penis |
| preputi/o | prepuce, foreskin |
| posth/o | prepuse, foreskin |
| prostat/o | prostate gland |
| scrot/o | scrotum |
| sperm/o | sperma, spermatozoon |
| spermat/o | sperm, spermatozoon |
| test/o | testis, testicle |
| testicular/o | testis, testicle |
| vas/o | vas deferens, vessel, duct |
| vesicul/o | seminal vesicle |
| urethr/o | urethra |
| -algia | pain |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| -atic | pertaining to |
| -cision | process of cutting |
| -ferous | pertaining to |
| -genesis | production |
| -ia | diseased state, abnormal state, condition of, condition |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| -ile | pertaining to |
| -ism | state of, condition |
| -lysis | loosening, dissolution, separating |
| -oma | tumor, mass |
| -ous | pertaining to |
| -pathy | disease |
| -plasia | development, growth |
| -sis | condition |
| -stomy | creation of a new (artificial) opening, process of new opening |
| -tion | process of |
| -tomy | cut into, incision |
| balanorrhea | discharge from the glans penis |
| epididymectomy | excision of the epididymis |
| vasovasostomy | creation of an artificial opening between ducts (restores fertility to males who have had a vasectomy |
| orchioplasty | surgical repair of the testis |
| prostatorrhea | discharge from the prostate gland |
| vesiculectomy | excision of the seminal vesicle |
| balanitis | inflammation of the glans penis |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) | excessive development pertaining to the prostate gland |
| orchiotomy | incision into the testis |
| transurethral | pertaining to through the urethra |
| prostatolithotomy | incision into the prostate gland to remove stones |
| orchiectomy | excision of the testis |
| orchitis | inflammation of the testis |
| prostatitis | inflammation of the prostate gland |
| orchiditis | inflammation of the testis |
| prostatovesiculitis | inflammation of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles |
| spermatolysis | dissolution (destruction) of sperm |
| anorchism | state of absence of testis |
| andropathy | disease of male |
| aspermia | condition of without sperm |
| prostatocystitis | inflammation of the prostate gland and urinary bladder |
| cryptorchidism | state of hidden testis |
| orchiopexy | surgical fixation of the testicle |
| orchialgia | pain in the testis |
| orchiepididymitis | inflammation of the testes and epididymis |
| oligospermia | condition of scanty sperm |
| prostatolith | stone(s) in the prostate gland |
| balanoplasty | surgical repair of the glans penis |
| epididymitis | inflammation/swelling of the epididymis |
| vasectomy | excision of a duct |
| varicocele | enlarged vein of the spermatic cord |
| enucleation | excision of a whole organ or mass without cutting into it |
| hydrocelectomy | surgical removal of a fluid-filled sac around the testicle causing scrotal swelling (hydrocele) |
| sterility | a condition of being unable to conceive or reproduce the species |
| ablation | destruction of abnormal or excessive tissue by eroding, vaporizing or melting |
| coitus | sexual intercourse between male and female |
| hydrocele | fluid-filled sac around the testicle |
| condom | sheath (cover) for penis worn during coitus to prevent conception and spread of sexually transmitted infection |
| circumcision | surgical removal of the prepuce (foreskin) |
| infertility | inability to achieve pregnancy |
| arthralgia | joint pain |
| bulbourethral glands (Cowper's glands) | glands that secrete a lubricating mucus that cleans and lubricates the urethra prior to and during ejaculation |
| corpus cavernosum | either of two columns of erectile tissue in the penis that fill with blood during an erection |
| corpus spongiosum (pl. corpora cavernosa) | column of erectile tissue in the penis that fills with blood during an erection and surrounds the penile urethra on the ventral portion of the penis |
| ductus deferens (vas deferens) | duct that transports sperm from the epididymis through the spermatic cord and into the ejaculatory duct |
| ejaculatory duct | duct that connects tha ampulla of the ductus deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle at the prostatic urethra |
| epididymis (pl. epididymides) | coiled tubular structure in which sperm start to mature and are stored until ejaculation |
| glans penis | bulbous end of the penis that contains a large number of nerve endings |
| gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) | hormone released by the hypothalamus that regulates the production of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland |
| gonads | reproductive organs (testes in men and ovaries in women) that produce gametes and reproductive hormones |
| inguinal canal | opening in abdominal wall that connects the testes to the abdominal cavity |
| leydig cells | cells between the seminiferous tubules of the testes that produce testosterone, a type of interstitial cell |
| myalgia | muscle pain |
| penis | male organ of copulation |
| prepuce (foreskin) | flap of skin that forms a collar around, and thus protects and lubricates, the glans penis |
| prostate gland | doughnut-shaped gland at the base of the bladder surrounding the urethra and contributing fluid to semen during ejaculation |
| scrotum | external pouch of skin and muscle that houses the testes |
| semen | ejaculatory fluid composed of sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands |
| seminal vesicle | gland that produces seminal fluid, which contributes to semen |
| seminiferous tubules | tube structures within the testes where spermatogenesis occurs |
| sertoli cells | cells that support germ cells through the process of spermatogenesis; a type of sustentacular cell |
| sperm (spermatozoon) | male gamete |
| spermatic cord | bundle of nerves and blood vessels that supplies the testes; contains ductus deferens |
| spermatid | immature sperm cells that produce by meiosis II of secondary spermatocytes |
| spermatocyte | cell that results from division of spermatogonium and undergoes meiosis I and meiosis II to form spermatids |
| spermatogenesis | formation of new sperm, occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes |
| spermatogonia (sing. spermatognium) | diploid precursor cells that become sperm |
| spermiogenesis | transformation of spermatids to spermatozoa during spermatogenesis |
| testes (sing. testis) | male gonads |
| testitis | inflammation of the testicles |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| BPH | benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy |
| Bx | biopsy |
| DRE | digital rectal examination |
| ED/EDD | erectile dysfunction/erectile dysfunction disorder |
| FTA-ABS | florescent treponemal antibody absorption test |
| GU | genitourinary |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HoLEP | holmium laser enucleation of the prostate gland |
| LUTS | lower urinary tract symptoms |
| NGU | nongonococcal urethritis |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
| PVP | photoselective vaporization of the prostate gland |
| RP | radical prostatectomy |
| TRUS | transrectal ultrasound |
| TSE | testicular self-examination |
| TUIP | transurethral microwave thermotherapy |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate gland |
| VD | venereal disease |
| VDRL | venereal disease research laboratory |
Created by:
eleem
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