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BIO101

Anatomy&Physiology

QuestionAnswer
Anatomy The study of the structure of the body
Physiology The study of the function of the body parts. Referenced systems directions, planes, cavities, and structural units.
Gross Anatomy The study of the structures of the human body that can be seen, examined, and dissected with the naked eye.
Microscopic Anatomy The study of biological structures that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye, requires magnification.
Histology Is the branch of biology and medicine focused on the detailed study of tissues.
Cytology Is the branch of science that studies individual cells and their structures, function, internal chemistry and life cycles.
Development Anatomy Is the branch of anatomy that investigates the structural changes an organism undergoes throughout the life span of a single celled zygote.
Comparative Anatomy Is the study of similarities and differences in the anatomical structures of different species.
Systemic Anatomy Is an approach to studying gross anatomy that organizes the human body by functional organ systems.
Terms of Direction Standardized medical terms used to describe the location of one body part relative to another.
Anatomical Planes Are imaginary flat 2D surfaces passed through the body in standard anatomical position.
Body Cavities Are fluid filled fluid internal spaces within the human body that house, protect and cushion internal organs.
Cranial Cavity Formed by the skull bones, encloses and protects the brain.
Vertebral Cavity Spinal - Formed by the bones of the vertebral column; encloses and protects the spinal cord.
Thoracic Cavity Is enclosed by the ribs, chest muscles, and sternum.
Pleural Cavity x2 each surround one lung.
Pericardial Cavity Surrounds the heart.
Mediastinum The central region between the lungs, containing the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and the major blood vessels.
Abdominopelvic Cavity Extends from the diaphragm down to the floor of the pelvis.
Posterior Body Cavity Located near the back of the body. lined by protective membranes called meninges.
Anterior Body Cavity Located near the front of the body, which is physically divided into two main sections by a dome-shaped skeletal muscle called the diaphragm.
Abdominal Cavity Contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, and most of the larger intestine.
Pelvic Cavity Enclosed by the pelvic bone, contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs and the rectum.
Serous Membranes The walls of the ventral body cavity and the surfaces of the organs inside it are lined by a double layer of membrane that secretes lubricating serous fluid
Serous Fluid Is a thin watery, slippery fluid produced by the serous membrane. This fluid helps reduce friction between organs and surrounding body parts.
Parietal Layer Lines the outer wall of the body cavity
Visceral Layer Covers the surface of the internal organs.
Pluera Surrounds the lungs.
Pericardium Surrounds the heart.
Peritoneum Surrounds many abdominal organs.
Abdominal Quadrants There are 4 quadrants; divided by a vertical line and a horizontal line that intersects at the umbilicus.
Umbilicus Is an anatomical term for the navel or belly button.
Right Upper Quadrant RUQ: Houses key organs like the liver, gallbladder, duodenum, head of the pancreas, right kidney, right adrenal gland, hepatic flexure of the colon.
Left Upper Quadrant LUQ: Houses key organs like the stomach, spleen, body/tail of the pancreas, left kidney, left adrenal gland, and the splenic flexure of the colon.
Right Lower Quadrant RLQ: Houses key organs like the cecum, appendix, ascending colon, right ovary, right fallopian tube/right spermatic cord, and right uterer.
Left Lower Quadrant LLQ: Houses key organs like the sigmoid colon, descending colon, left ovary, and left fallopian tube/left spermatic cord, and the left uterer.
Created by: TIAVAU5906
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