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EKG
FINAL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following types of hypertension has no known cause? | Essential (Idiopathic) |
| An ECG monitor technician's main responsibility is to: | view the ECG tracings and alert the health care professional of an abnormal heart rhythm. |
| An electrocardiograph is a(n): | instrument used to record a tracing of the heart's electrical activity. |
| A patient complains of feeling lightheaded and having frequent fainting spells. Which test might the physician order to determine whether a drop in heart rate or blood pressure may be causing the patient’s symptoms? | Tilt table test |
| The tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid) valves are known as ________blank because they separate the atria from the ventricles. | atrioventricular (AV) valves |
| he AV node has several important functions that help the heart work effectively. Which of the following is not a function of the AV node? | It causes a loss of atrial kick. |
| Which of the following statements best describes the right side of the heart? | It is a low-pressure pump that moves blood with a low oxygen concentration. |
| Which of the following actions occurs during diastole? | Blood from the vena cava fills the right atrium. |
| The part of the autonomic nervous system | parasympathetic branch. |
| The structure that transfers an electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles | bundle of His. |
| You are preparing to conduct a 12-lead ECG on a patient. As you are gathering your supplies, you notice that five of the electrodes are made by one company and the other five electrodes are made by another company. What is your next step? | Find a complete set of 10 electrodes that are the same. |
| 6-second method, you locate 6 seconds on a rhythm strip, count the number of complexes, and multiply by: | 10. |
| The process of studying a current ECG tracing along with older ECGs taken at intervals to note differences in a patient's condition is: | serial ECG comparison. |
| The ECG waveform is indicative of: | how the heart is functioning electrically. |
| When applying the chest leads, you will place the V6 lead: | in line with V4 on the midaxillary line. |
| How should you clean the cables and electrode clips on the ECG machine? | Use a soft cloth moistened with disinfectant or packaged wipes. |
| For which of the following patients might a physician order a right-side 12-lead ECG? | A patient with dextrocardia |
| QRS duration measurement is essential to determine | ventricular depolarization. |
| Measuring the PR interval requires the ECG technician to measure from the: | beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex. |
| he time from the beginning of atrial depolarization to the beginning of ventricular depolarization is shown on the ECG waveform as the: | PR interval. |
| The P wave represents: | atrial depolarization. |
| The state of cellular stimulation that precedes cardiac contraction is: | depolarization. |
| An interval on an ECG tracing is: | the period of time between two activities within the heart. |
| The ST segment represents | the time between ventricular depolarization and the beginning of ventricular repolarization. |
| Ventricular repolarization is represented on the ECG tracing by the: | T wave. |
| The rapid change in polarization is known as ________blank. | action potential |
| The QRS complex represents: | ventricular depolarization. |
| stimulation of the vagus nerve causes changes in heart rate is known as: | vagal tone. |
| Which of the following is not characteristic of sinus tachycardia? | The QRS duration is between 0.10 and 0.16 second. |
| Which of the following statements about sinus dysrhythmia is true? | The intervals between the P-P and R-R waves vary. |
| Which of the following is a characteristic of sinus arrest? | The cardiac complexes before and after the sinus pause are usually regular. |
| In a premature atrial complex (PAC), the P wave may be biphasic. This means that: | the waveform has both positive and negative deflections on the ECG tracing. |
| describes the P wave in multifocal atrial tachycardia? | It changes from beat to beat. |
| The loss of atrial kick contributes to what percent decrease in cardiac output? | 10% to 30% |
| Which atrial dysrhythmia has a changing P wave configuration with at least three variations in one lead and may also have an irregular rhythm? | Wandering atrial pacemaker (WAP) |
| Which atrial dysrhythmia occurs when electrical impulses come from areas of reentry pathways or multiple ectopic foci? | Atrial fibrillation |
| When labeling an ECG tracing that shows PACs, what additional information should you document on the tracing? | The underlying rhythm and the type of PACs |
| What causes the different P wave morphologies in an ECG tracing that shows wandering atrial pacemaker? | The varying sites of the ectopic impulses |
| You are about to perform an ECG on a patient who has been hospitalized for acute congestive heart failure. Which of the following atrial dysrhythmias is this patient most likely to develop? | Multifocal atrial tachycardia |
| What type of rhythm occurs when the SA node fails to initiate the electrical activity and one of the backup pacemaker sites takes over? | Junctional escape rhythm |
| What symptoms might occur in a patient with junctional escape rhythm? | Hypotension, confusion, and disorientation |
| The effect of junctional tachycardia on the patient depends on ________blank. | The rate of the rhythm |
| What is the primary difficulty in classifying an SVT? | Determining the origin of the tachycardia |
| collective term for the AV node and the surrounding tissue, including the bundle of His? | AV junction |
| preexcitation of the ventricles in reentry dysrhythmias appear on an ECG tracing? | Delta wave |
| PR interval that measures greater than 0.20 seconds? | First-degree AV block |
| What type of impulse occurs too soon | Blocked or nonconducted impulse |
| heart block dysrhythmias is identified by a progressively longer PR interval pattern after each blocked QRS complex? | Second-degree heart block, Mobitz type I |
| Which heart block dysrhythmia is known as classical heart block? | Second-degree AV block, Mobitz type II |
| Which of the following rhythms has a constant PR interval for all conducted beats? | Second-degree AV block, Mobitz type II |
| Which heart block dysrhythmia is known as complete heart block (CHB)? | Third-degree AV block |
| The ECG tracing shows that the patient is in third-degree block. What is your first responsibility to this patient? | Observe the patient for symptoms of low cardiac output. |
| When the ECG tracing shows that a patient has a Wenckebach heart block, which of the following would the licensed practitioner be most likely to order? | Further observation for signs of decreasing cardiac output |
| Why do ventricular rhythms occur? | Because higher pacemaker sites within the heart have failed |
| What is the term for PVCs that all have a similar shape on a tracing? | Unifocal |
| What is the term for two PVCs back to back? | Coupling |
| heart rate with accelerated idioventricular rhythm? | 40 to 100 bpm |
| Which of the following signs and symptoms are characteristic of every patient experiencing ventricular fibrillation? | Unconsciousness, apnea, and no pulse |
| difference between ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation? | Ventricular tachycardia has three or more PVCs and a heart rate greater than 100 bpm; ventricular fibrillation is chaotic electrical activity with only fibrillatory waves. |
| Which of the following is a characteristic of the R-R interval in an idioventricular rhythm? | It is regular. |
| In which pacemaker complication does the tracing show a pacing spike but no waveform immediately after it? | Loss of capture |
| Which of the following is not a typical pacemaker complication? | Depolarization after pacing spikes |
| When the pacemaker delivers ventricular pacing, the pacing spike is followed by a wide QRS complex, which looks similar to which of the following? | Left bundle branch block |
| What is another term for pacemaker competition? | Malsensing |
| Which of the following is not a reason exercise electrocardiography is used? | To evaluate how the heart responds to cardioversion |
| Which of the following would you include when instructing a patient about an upcoming exercise electrocardiography test? | Check the order and then advise the patient regarding any medications that should or should not be taken before the procedure. |
| Before initiating an exercise stress test, you may be asked to take and record a series of blood pressure readings and 12-lead ECG results. What are the most common patient positions, in order, in which these are obtained? | Supine, sitting, after hyperventilation, and standing |
| Which of the following statements about exercise electrocardiography results is true | False-positive results occur more frequently in women than in men. |
| Mrs. Hansen has an ambulatory monitor in place. What instructions do you give her regarding the electrodes? | If an electrode becomes loose, she should press it in the center to reapply; however, she must return to the clinic if one comes off completely |
| Which of the following cardiac conditions cannot be confirmed by performing an ambulatory monitoring test? | Heart valve defects |
| an ECG tracing for up to 5 minutes before a patient experiences symptoms? | Loop-memory monitor |
| he primary branches of the right coronary artery and supplies blood to the walls of the right atrium and the right ventricle? | Marginal artery |
| What three symptoms, when presented together, are known as the "clinical triad" and are indicative of right ventricular failure? | Jugular vein distention, hypotension, and normal breath sounds |
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