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53 Facts # 1-53
Stack #46952
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Delaration of Indepedence | was signed on July 4, 1776 |
| Constitution of U.S. | was written in 1787 |
| Civil War | was fought from 1861-1865 |
| Mercantilism | is an economic theory that a country's strength is measured by the amount of gold it has, that a country should sell more than it buys and that the colonies exist for the benefit of the Mother Country |
| abolitionist | was a person who wanted to end slavery in the United States |
| tariff | a tax on goods brought into a country |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the United States should own all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans |
| Representative Government | a system of government in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them |
| Republic | a nation in which choose representatives to govern them |
| Three Branches of Government | Legislative, Executive, and Judicial |
| Checks and Balances | is a system set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check, or control, the actions of the other branches |
| Free Enterprise | is the freedom of private businesses to operate competitively for profit with minimal government regulation |
| Separation of Powers | is a system in which each branch of government has its own powers |
| Amend | means to change |
| Unalienable rights | are rights that cannot be given up, taken away, or transferred. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, are some of those rights |
| tyranny | is a cruel and unjust government |
| democracy | is a form of government that is run for and by the people, giving the people supreme power |
| judicial review | is the right of the Supreme Court to judge laws passed by Congress and determine whether they are constitutional or not |
| civil disobedience | is the refusal to obey a government law or laws as a means of passive resistance because of one's moral conviction or belief |
| primary sources | are the original records of an event |
| Secondary Sources | are the later writings and interpretations of historians and writers. Like textbooks and articles, they provide summaries of information found in primary sources. |
| Industrial Revolution | was the era in which a change from household industries to factory production using powered machinery took place. |
| Magna Carta | was signed in 1215 by King John and was the first document that limited power of the ruler. |
| English Bill of Rights | protected the rights of English citiizens and became the basis for the American Bill of Rights. |
| Declaration of Independence | was a document written by Thomas Jefferson, declaring the colonies independence from England. |
| Constitution of the U.S. | sets out the laws and principles of the government of the United States |
| Monroe Doctrine | was a foreign policy statement by President James Monroe stating that 1) the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs, and 2) that the western hemisphere was closed to colonization and/or interference by European nations |
| Treaty of Paris 1763 | ended the French and Indian War and effectively kicked the French out of North America |
| Treaty of Paris 1783 | ended the American Revolution and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an independent nation |
| Common Sense | was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to convince colonists that it was time to become independent from Britain |
| Ben Franklin | was an inventor, statesman, diplomat, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and delegate to the Constitutional Convention |
| Thomas Jefferson | wrote the Declaration of Independence; became the 3rd President of the United States; he also purchased the Louisiana territory, doubling the size of the United States |
| Thomas Paine | wrote pamphlets like Common Sense and The Crisis to encourage American independence and resolve |
| George Washington | was the leader of the Continental Army who became the 1st President of the United States |
| Jefferson Davis | was the President of the Confederacy during the Civil War |
| Abraham Lincoln | the 16th President of the U.S. who succeessfully put the Union back together only to be assassinated 5 days after the Civil War ended |
| James Madison | is considered to be the "Father of the Constitution" |
| Frederick Douglass | a former slave who became the best-known black abolitionist in the country |
| James Monroe | the author of the Monroe Doctrine, which shut down the western hemisphere to European expansion or interference |
| First Amendment | states that "Congress shall make no law" restricting freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition |
| Second Amendment | guarantees the right of states to organize militias, or armies, and the right of individuals to bear arms |
| Third Amendment | forbids the government to order private citizens to allow soldiers to live in their homes |
| Fourth Amendment | requires that warrants be issued if property is to be searched or seized (taken) by the government |
| Fifth Amendment | protects an accused person from having to testify against him or herself (Self-incrimination); bans double jeopardy; and guarantees that no person will suffer the loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law |
| Sixth Amendment | guarantees the right to a speedy public trial by an impartial jury; the right to a lawyer; the right to cross examine witnesses; and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify |
| Seventh Amendment | guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil suits |
| Eighth Amendment | prohibits cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail or fines |
| Ninth Amendment | states that the people have rights other than those specifically mentioned in the Constitution |
| Tenth Amendment | states that powers not given to the federal government belong to the states |
| Thirteenth Amendment | abolished slavery |
| Fourteenth Amendment | guarantees citizenship and rights to all people born or naturalized in the United States |
| Fifteenth Amendment | guarantees the right to vote to all citizens regardless of race |
| Cotton Gin | was an invention by Eli Whitney that speeded the cleaning of cotton fibers and in effect, increased the need for slaves |
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adorethetor
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