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Ch 13 Terms
Med Term Chapter 13 Eye and Ear: Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sclera | White of the eye |
| Retina | the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of your eye. It converts optical images into electrical impulses and sends them to the brain via the optic nerve, making vision possible |
| Conjunctivia | a thin, clear mucous membrane that lines the inner eyelids and covers the white part of the eyeball (sclera) |
| Lacrimal apparatus | system responsible for producing, distributing, and draining tears |
| Cornea | transparent anterior portion of the outer layer of the eye; helps to bend light rays |
| Iris | Colored membrane with an opening in its center; controls the amount of light |
| Pupil | circular opening in the center of the iris |
| ophthalmology | Branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the eye and surrounding structures. Physician is an ophthalmologist. |
| optician | Vision specialist who is trained in grinding and fitting corrective lenses. |
| optometry | Medical profession specializing in examining the eyes, testing visual acuity, and prescribing corrective lenses. |
| diplopia | double vision |
| photophobia | strong sensitivity to bright light |
| presbyopia | expected changes in vision due to normal aging |
| xerophthalmia | condition of dry eyes |
| astigmatism | condition in which light rays are focused unevenly on the retina due to abnormal curvature of the cornea |
| cataract | development of an opaque or cloudy lens, resulting in diminished vision |
| corneal abrasion | scraping injury to the cornea |
| glaucoma | increase in intraocular pressure; can result in atrophy of the optic nerve and blindness |
| macular degeneration | deterioration of the macular area of the retina |
| monochromatism | inability to perceive one color |
| myopia | condition in which a person can see clearly up close but not at a distance; also called nearsightedness |
| retinopathy | general term for disease affecting the retina; often related to diabetes and/or high blood pressure |
| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually from bacterial infection; also called pink eye |
| blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid |
| chalazion | Small, firm mass formed when an oil gland deep in the eyelid becomes blocked, it may or may not become infected; different from a stye |
| hordeolum | purulent inflammatory infection a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; also called a stye or sty |
| strabismus | eye muscle weakness that results in the eyes looking in different directions at same time |
| nystagmus | jerky involuntary eye movement; often indicates brain injury |
| ophthalmoscopy | process of examining the interior of the eye using an ophthalmoscope |
| Snellen chart | chart used for testing distance vision |
| tonometry | measurement of intraocular pressure using a tonometer to check for glaucoma |
| visual acuity (V A) test | measures the sharpness of a patient’s vision |
| otology | study of the ear |
| audiology | study of hearing disorders |
| audiology | Medical specialty involved with measuring hearing function and identifying hearing loss. Specialist is an audiologist. |
| otorhinolaryngology (E N T) | Branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the ear, nose, and throat. Also referred to as E N T. Physician is an otorhinolaryngologist. |
| otalgia | ear pain |
| presbycusis | normal loss of hearing that can accompany the aging process |
| tinnitus | ringing in the ears |
| vertigo | dizziness |
| anacusis | total absence of hearing or the inability to perceive sound; total deafness |
| deafness | inability to hear or having some degree of hearing impairment |
| ceruminosis | excessive accumulation of earwax resulting in a hard wax plug |
| otitis externa (OE) | external ear infection caused by fungus or bacteria; also called otomycosis or swimmer's ear |
| otitis media (O M) | infection of the middle ear with fluid accumulation; fluid may be watery (serous otitis media) or full of pus (purulent otitis media) |
| Ménière's disease | abnormal condition within the labyrinth that can lead to progressive hearing loss; other symptoms include vertigo and tinnitus |
| otoscopy | process of examining the ear canal, outer ear, and eardrum using an otoscope |
| American Sign Language (A S L) | nonverbal method of communicating in which the hands and fingers are used to indicate words and concepts |
| cochlear implant | mechanical device surgically placed behind the outer ear; converts sound into magnetic impulses to stimulate the auditory nerve; used to treat profound sensorineural hearing loss |
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