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Ch 8 Terms
Med Term Chapter 8 Digestive Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anal canal (AY-nal) | Last part of the rectum |
| anal sphincter (AY-nal / SFINGK-ter) | Muscle controlling bowel movements |
| anorexia | Loss of appetite |
| anus | Opening where feces exit |
| aphagia | Inability to swallow |
| appendix (ah-PEN-diks) | Small pouch attached to cecum |
| ascending colon | Right side of large intestine |
| ascites | Fluid buildup in abdomen |
| cardiac sphincter (KAR-dee-ak / SFINGK-ter) | Muscle between esophagus and stomach |
| cecum (SEE-kum) | First part of large intestine |
| chlelithiasis | Gallstones |
| cirrohsis | Scarring of the liver |
| colon (KOH-lon) | Main part of large intestine |
| common bile duct | Carries bile to small intestine |
| constipation | Difficulty passing stool |
| cystic duct (SIS-tik) | Carries bile from gallbladder |
| defecation | Elimination of feces |
| deglutition (dee-gloo-TISH-un) | Swallowing |
| descending colon | Left side of large intestine |
| diverticulitis | Inflamed intestinal pouches |
| emesis | Vomiting |
| esophageal varices | Enlarged veins in esophagus |
| esophagus | Tube from throat to stomach |
| feces (FEE-seez) | Solid body waste |
| flatulence | Intestinal gas |
| gallbladder (GB) | Stores and concentrates bile |
| gastroenterology | Study of the digestive system |
| gastroesophogeal reflux disease (GERD) | Stomach acid flows into esophagus |
| gingiva (JIN-jih-vah) | Gums |
| halitosis | Bad breath |
| hematemesis | Vomiting blood |
| hemorrhoids | Swollen rectal veins |
| hepatic duct (heh-PAT-ik) | Carries bile from liver |
| hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver |
| hiatal hernia | Stomach bulges through diaphragm |
| incontinence | Loss of bowel control |
| intussusception | Intestine folds into itself |
| jaundice | Yellowing of skin and eyes |
| large intestine | Absorbs water; forms feces |
| liver | Produces bile; processes nutrients |
| lower esophageal sphincter (eh-soff-ah-JEE-al / SFINGK-ter) | Prevents stomach acid reflux |
| mastication (mass-tih-KAY-shun) | Chewing |
| mouth | Beginning of digestive tract |
| nausea | Feeling of needing to vomit |
| obesity | Excess body fat |
| oral cavity | Mouth |
| pancreas | Produces digestive enzymes and insulin |
| peptic ulcer disease (PUD) | Ulcers in stomach or duodenum |
| peristalsis (pair-ih-STALL-sis) | Wave-like movement of food |
| pharynx | Throat |
| proctology | Study of rectum and anus |
| pyloric sphincter (pye-LOR-ik / SFINGK-ter) | Muscle between stomach and small intestine |
| rectum (REK-tum) | Stores feces before elimination |
| regurgitation | Backward flow of stomach contents |
| rugae (ROO-jee) | Folds inside the stomach |
| saliva (suh-LYE-vah) | Fluid that begins digestion |
| salivary glands | Produce saliva |
| sigmoid colon (SIG-moyd) | S-shaped part of large intestine |
| small intestine | Digests and absorbs nutrients |
| sphincters (SFINGK-ters) | Ring-shaped muscles controlling openings |
| stomach | Organ that digests food |
| transverse colon | Horizontal part of large intestine |
Created by:
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