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Phleb SG Chap 8-11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Additives | Chemicals that promote or prevent change in the blood |
| Inpatients | Admittance into the hospital/bedside |
| Outpatient | Come to the phlebotomist station in a hospital or clinic |
| Tourniquet | A rubber or latex strip that goes around the arm to stop venous blood flow |
| Bacteriostatic | Aseptic inhibits the growth or reproduction of bacteria but does not kill them |
| Antiseptic | Agent used to clean living tissue |
| Disinfectant | Agent used to clean a surface other than living tissue |
| Gauge | The diameter of the needles lumen |
| Lumen | The hollow tube within the shaft |
| Multi sample needle | A double ended needle that remains in the vein while tubes are exchanged |
| Winged infusion/ butterfly | A set used for small veins |
| Luer Adapter | An alternative to evacuated tube system |
| Needle adapter | Used to make sure there is a firm and stable connection between needle and tube |
| Tube advancement | Indicator mark for how far the tube can be pushed in without losing vacuum |
| Whole blood | Collected and mixed with anticoagulant so it will not clot.( used for hematology test) |
| Clot activator | Promote coagulation |
| Polymer gel | An inert synthetic substance whose density is between cells and that of the blood serum or plasma |
| Glycolysis | Sodium fluoride inhibit and can be used for glucose test |
| Order of draw | Set of standards for venipuncture( color coded lids ) |
| Requisition | Medicare form |
| Hemoconcentration | An increase in ration of formed elements to plasma caused by leaving tourniquet on |
| Hemolysis | Premature rupture and destruction of red blood cells(Can occur if tourniquet is to tight or left on to long) |
| Petechiae | Small red spots cause by tourniquets that is to tight |
| Palpation | When you feel the vein pump |
| Hematoma | A red, swollen area where blood collects under the skin |
| Ancilliary BG testing | Is used for capillary collection |
| Venous thrombosis | Clots in the vein |
| Latrogenic tubes | Anemia caused by excessive blood draw |
| Microcollection tubes | Small tube used to collect dermal puncture samples |
| Caraway | Large glass capillary tube |
| Microcollection containers | To capture small volumes of blood from capillary sources |
| Microhemocrit tubes | Small plastic tubes used for hemocrit test |
| Osteochondritis | Inflammation of the bone or cartilage |
| Osteomyelitis | Bone infection |
| Calcaneus | Heel bone |
| BURPP | Group of test that maybe elevated by use of povidone-iodine |
| Bleeding test | Test that measures the length of time required for bleeding to stop after incision is made |
| Occluded | Blocked veins |
| Sclerosed | Hardened veins |
| Lymphostasis | Lack of lymph fluid, movement |
| Synscope | Fainting |
| Emesis | Vomiting |
| Hemolysis | Destruction of blood cells |
| Reflux | Flow of blood into collection tube back into needle and then into patients vein |
| Compartment syndrome | Pressure within the tissue prevents blood from flowing freely in the blood vessel |
| What is the collection site for laboratory testing of patient at high risk for venous thrombosis? | Capillary(dermal) |
| What has higher levels in venous blood than in capillary blood? | Glucose |
| What has higher levels in capillary blood than in venous blood? | Potassium |
| What test sites can not be collected using a dermal puncture? | Swollen or lymphatic drainage |
| What is the recommended depth for a heel puncture on a premature infant? | 2.0 mm |
| What is the preferred method of blood collection in newborns and infants? | Heel(dermal) |
| What is the maximum acceptable depth for a heel pucture? | 2.0 mm |
| Puncture of a bone during dermal puncture can result in what potentially serious and sometimes fatal bone infection? | Ostemyelitis |
| How long should a heel warmer be applied to an infants heel? | 1-3 min |
| What is the maximum acceptable depth for a dermal puncture on an adult? | 2.4-3.0 mm |
| Which bone is close to the surface and is at risk of being damaged during a heel puncture? | Calcaneus (heel bone) |
| What antiseptic may affect the results of bilirubin, uric acid, potassium, and phosphorous from a dermal puncture and therefore should not be used for a dermal puncture? | Povidone- iodine |
| What is an appropriate dermal puncture site for an adult? | 3rd or 4th finger |
| What is an appropriate dermal puncture site on an infants foot? | Plantar surface of the foot(Bottom of the foot) |
| What is the maximum acceptable width for a dermal puncture? | 2.4 mm |
| At what angle should venipuncture needle be inserted? | 30 degrees or less |
| befor drawing blood in an inpatient setting, information for the requisition form should match against what? | Wrist band /ID |
| What is the most important step in the blood drawing procedure? | Properly IDi'ng patient |
| Define the term Hemoconcentration? | An increase in concentration of large molecules and formed elements in the blood |
| How far from the site should the tourniquet be placed? | 2-3 inches |
| if a blood test requires fasting specimen, whats the best to verify that the patient is fasting? | Ask when they last ate or drank |
| If the number on the requisition band does not match the arm band what should you do? | Do not perform the draw and notify the appropriate personnel |
| What should you do if you tell a patient you have to draw blood and they refuse the blood draw? | Respect their right to refuse, stop the procedure, and document their refusal |
| Define Petechiae? | Petechiae are small, pinpoint, red, purple, or brown spots on the skin or mucous membranes caused by bleeding from tiny blood vessels (capillaries) under the skin. |
| Define Hemolysis? | Hemolysis is the destruction or rupture of red blood cells, releasing hemoglobin into the plasma or serum. |
| What kind of situation can cause Hemoconcentration? | Prolonged tourniquet use |
| While having blood sample collected, the patient complains of pain and tingling in the fingers, what s likely the cause? | The tourniquet is to tight or has been left on to long |
| When should the tourniquet be removed? | Before the needle is withdrawn |
| Which vein lies on top of the brachial artery? | Basillic vein |
| If the needle is withdraw before the tourniquet is pulled what is likely to occur? | A hematoma |
| How should the needle be inserted for venipuncture? | Bevel up at a 15-30 degree angle |
| What vein is most common second choice when the median cubital vein is not appropriate for withdrawing a blood sample? | The cephalic vein |
| What is the first thing you should do immediately after withdrawing from the patient? | Immediately after withdrawing the needle, apply firm, direct pressure to the puncture site with a clean gauze pad to prevent bleeding and hematoma formation. |
| Define Hematoma? | A localized swelling or mass of clotted blood that forms outside of a blood vessel within the surrounding tissues, commonly caused by blood leaking from a damaged vein or artery. |
| Define the term Multisample needle? | A double ended needle that stays in the vein while exchanging tubes |
| What is the Hub? | How the needle connects to the tubes |
| Which needle is most commonly used for a routine venipuncture? | 21 gauge |
| What is the proper way to obtain a blood draw for blood alcohol level on a patient? | Use non alcoholic antiseptic to clean the site, use gray tube containing sodium flouride and potassium oxalate, and after tube is filled mix immediately |
| What anticoagulant is used for coagulant studies? | Sodium citrate |
| What is the most common gauge of butterfly needle? | 23 gauge |
| The anticoagulant EDTA works by binding which substance needed for blood clotting? | Calcium |
| A patient is having a seizure while your doing an venipuncture what do you do? | Remove needle and tourniquet immediately, protect patient from injury, do not restrain them, and call from help |
| Define the term Synscope? | Fainting( temporary loss of consciousness) |
| What condition can be cause by the removal of lymphoid tissue as part of a mastectomy? | Lymphedema |
| What you do next if you are unable to locate a vein after thoroughly examining a patients arm? | Check the other arm; if still unsuccessful, consult a supervisor or the nurse |
| What is the correct way to draw blood? | Prep and ID the patient, site selection, apply tourniquet, cleansing the site, performing the puncture, sample collection, completion and safety |
Created by:
Kalu.Jayla1
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