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MED203 ECPI
MED203 CH14 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MED203 CH14 KEY TERMS | |
| Anticholinergic (ăn’’tĭ•kō’’lĭn•ĕr’jĭk) | Drug or agent that inhibits the action of the neurotransmitter chemical acetylcholine, blocking parasympathetic nerve impulses, with consequent reduction of smooth-muscle contractions and various bodily secretions. |
| Ascites (ă•sī’tĕz) | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. |
| Bilirubin (bĭl•ĭ•roo’bĭn) | Orange- to yellow-colored compound in the blood plasma, produced by the breakdown of hemoglobin following the normal or pathological destruction of red blood cells. It is collected by the liver to produce bile. |
| Bilirubinuria (bĭl’’ĭ•roo•bĭn•ū’rē•ă) | Presence of bilirubin in the urine. May be indicative of a liver or blood disorder. |
| Cachexia (kă•kĕks’ē•ă) | Marked wasting away of the body, usually as a consequence of chronic disease. |
| Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) (kär•sə•nō•,em•brē•’ä•nik•’an-ti-jən) | A tumor marker indicating malignancies of the colon, stomach, pancreas, lungs, and breasts. |
| Colectomy (kō•lĕk’tō•mē) | Surgical removal of all or a portion of the colon. |
| Coryza (kŏ•rī’ză) | Common cold. An acute inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane accompanied by profuse nasal discharge. |
| Dysphagia (dĭs•fā’jē•ă) | Difficulty in swallowing or inability to swallow. |
| Enteropathy (ĕn’’tĕr•ŏp’ă•thē) | Any disease of the intestine. |
| Epigastric (ĕp’’ĭ•găs’trĭk) | Pertaining to the epigastrium, the region of the abdomen over the pit of the stomach. |
| Exudate (ĕks’ū•dāt) | Fluid discharged through vessel walls and collected in adjacent tissue. It has a high content of protein and cellular debris. (Compare with transudate.) |
| Fecalith (fē’kă•lĭth) | Hard, solid, intestinal mass formed around a core of fecal material. |
| Fissure (fĭ’shĕr) | Groove, natural division, cleft, slit, or deep furrow in organs; an ulcer or cracklike sore. |
| Fistula (fĭs’tū•lă) | Abnormal tubelike passage from a normal cavity or tube to a free surface or cavity. |
| Gliadin (glī’ă•dĕn) | Water-soluble protein present in the gluten of wheat. The sticky mass that results when wheat flour and water are mixed is due to gliadin. |
| Hematemesis (hĕm’’ă•tĕm’ĕ•sis) | Vomiting blood. |
| Hematochezia (hĕm’’ă•tō•kē’zē•ă) | Passage of bright red blood in the stool. |
| Hemolysis (hē•mŏl’ĭ•sĭs) | The release of hemoglobin into the plasma. |
| Hepatomegaly (hĕp’’ă•tō•mĕg’ă•lē) | Enlargement of the liver. |
| Hyperchlorhydria (hī’’pĕr•klor•hī’drē•ă) | Excessive amount of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. |
| Hyperglycemia (hī’’pĕr•glī•sē’mē•ă) | Abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood. |
| Ileostomy (ĭl’’ē•ŏs’tō•mē) | Surgically created opening in the abdominal wall so the end of the lower small intestine (ileum) can be brought to the surface forming a stoma to evacuate feces. May be temporary or permanent. |
| Jaundice (jawn’dĭs) | Condition characterized by a yellowish discoloration of the skin, whites of the eyes, and bodily fluids resulting from the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood. Caused by any of several disease processes in which the normal production and secretion of bile are disrupted. |
| McBurney point (mĭk•bŭr’nē poynt) | Point of special abdominal tenderness indicating acute appendicitis. It lies over and corresponds with the normal position of the appendix. |
| Microbiome (mi’’kro•bi’ōm) | Consists of all the microorganisms that reside in the human body and how they react in a particular environment. |
| Myalgia (mī•’al•j(ē•)ə) | Muscle pain or tenderness. |
| Occult blood (ŭ•kŭlt’) | Minute quantities of blood in feces, urine, and gastric fluid, detectable only by microscopic examination or chemical test. |
| Peristalsis (pĕr•ĭ•stăl’sĭs) | Involuntary wavelike contraction occurring along the walls of the hollow tubes of the body, especially the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. |
| Polyposis (pŏl’’ē•pō’sĭs) | Formation of numerous small growths or masses on a mucous membrane surface. |
| Prebiotics (prē’’bī•ŏt’ĭks) | A nutrient that stimulates the growth of bacteria living in the large intestine. |
| Probiotics (prō’’bī•ŏ’tĭks) | Substance that has a health-promoting effect on living cells. |
| Reflux (rē’flŭks) | Flowing back or return flow of fluid or other matter. |
| Sclerotherapy (sklĕr’’ō•thĕr’ă•pē) | Injecting irritating chemicals into vascular spaces or body cavities to harden, fill, or destroy them. |
| Varices (văr’ĭ•sēz) | Abnormally dilated and twisted veins, arteries, or lymph nodes. |
| Villi (vĭl’ī) | Tiny fingerlike projections lining the interior of the small intestine that absorb fluid and nutrients. |
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