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MED203 ECPI
MED203 CH12 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MED203 CH12 KEY TERMS | |
| Albumin (ăl•bū’mĭn) | One of a group of simple plasma proteins in humans that can act as a source for rapid replacement of tissue proteins. |
| Aneurysm (ăn’ūr•ĭzm) | Abnormal, saclike bulge in the wall of an artery, a vein, or the heart. |
| Blast (blăst) | Precursor of the final, mature form of a cell. |
| Bradycardia (brăd”ē•kăr’dē•ă) | Abnormally slow heartbeat, generally characterized by a pulse rate below 60 beats per minute. |
| Bruit (brwē) | Abnormally slow heartbeat, generally characterized by a pulse rate below 60 beats per minute. |
| Cardiac tamponade (kăr’dē•ăk tăm”pŏn•ād’) | A life-threatening condition in which elevated pressures within the pericardium impair the filling of the heart during diastole. |
| Cardioversion (kăr’dē•ō•vĕr”zhŭn) | Restoration of normal sinus rhythm by chemical or electrical means. |
| Cellulitis (sĕl”ū•lī’tĭs) | Inflammation of cellular or connective tissue. |
| Claudication (klaw”dĭ•kā’shŭn) | Lameness; limping. |
| Cryoablation (krī”ō•a•blā’shŏn) | A procedure to remove tissue using extreme cold. |
| Diastole (dĭ•ăs’tō•lē) | Period of cardiac muscle relaxation alternating with systole or contraction. |
| Digoxin (dǝ•jäksǝn) | The most frequently prescribed digitalis glycoside to treat clients with congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and supraventricular tachycardia. |
| Dilatation (dĭl”ă•tā’shŭn) | Expansion or enlargement of an organ or vessel. |
| Dyspnea (dĭsp•nē’ă) | Labored or difficult breathing, generally indicating an insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood. |
| Effusion (ĕ•fū’zhŭn) | Seeping of fluid into a body cavity or part. |
| Embolus (ĕm’bō•lŭs) | Clot or undissolved mass carried through the circulatory vessels by the blood or lymph flow. An embolus may be a blood clot, piece of tissue, fat globule, or air bubble. (Compare with thrombus.) |
| Fibrillation (fĭ”brĭl•ā’shŭn) | Cardiac arrhythmia characterized by the rapid, incomplete, and uncoordinated contractions of the muscle fibers of the heart ventricles. Can lead to cardiac arrest. (See arrhythmia.) |
| Fibrinogen (fī•brĭn’ō•jĕn) | A protein synthesized by the liver and present in blood plasma that is converted into fibrin through the action of thrombin in the presence of calcium ions. |
| Flutter (flǝdǝr) | A cardiac abnormality marked by rapid, regular heartbeats, occurring at greater than 300 beats per minute. |
| Globulin (glŏb’ū•lĭn) | One of the plasma proteins to control osmotic pressure within capillaries. |
| Hematemesis (hĕm”ă•tĕm’ĕ•sĭs) | Vomiting blood. |
| Hematopoietic (hē”mă•tō•poy•ĕt’ĭk) | Related to the formation of red blood cells. |
| Hemoglobin (hē”mō•glō’bĭn) | Oxygen-carrying pigment in red blood cells. |
| Hemostasis (hē”mŏs’tă•sĭs) | An arrest of bleeding or of circulation. |
| Idiopathic (ĭ”dē•ō•pă’•thik) | Of unknown cause. |
| Induration (ĭn”dū•rā’shun) | Area of hardened tissue; the process of hardening. |
| Lacteal (lăk’tē•ăl) | Lymphatic capillaries in a villus of the small intestine that absorb fatty acids and other fat-soluble products of digestion. |
| Lymphangitis (lĭm”făn•jī’tĭs) | Inflammation of lymph vessels. |
| Lymphocytopenia (lĭm”fō•sīt”ō•pē’nē•ă) | Presence of abnormally small numbers of lymphocytes in the circulating blood. |
| Megakaryocyte (mĕg”ă•kăr’ē•ō•sīt”) | Large bone marrow cell with large or multiple nuclei. It gives rise to blood platelets. |
| Menorrhagia (mĕn”ō•rā’jē•ă) | Excessive menstrual flow in duration or quantity, or both. |
| Orthopnea (or•thŏp’nē•ă) | Respiratory condition in which there is discomfort breathing in any but erect standing or sitting positions. |
| Pericardiocentesis (pĕr”ĭ•kăr”dē•ō•sĕn•tē’sĭs) | Surgical puncture of the membranous sac surrounding the heart to draw out fluid. |
| Petechiae (plural) (pē•tē’kē•ē) | A small, reddish or purplish pinpoint spot on a body surface, such as the skin or mucous membranes, caused by a minute hemorrhage. |
| Phagocytosis (fag•o•si•to•sis) | Ingestion and digestion of bacteria, other cells, and particles by a class of cells called phagocytes. |
| Photoplethysmography (foh•toh•pleth”iz•mog’ră-fĕ) | A relative new tool for diagnosis that can detect atrial fibrillation in a person in 15 seconds. |
| Prothrombin (prō•thrŏm’bĭn) | A plasma protein coagulation factor synthesized by the liver that is converted to thrombin by prothrombinase and thrombokinase in the presence of calcium ions; sometimes referred to as coagulation factor. |
| Reticulocyte (rĕ•tĭk’ū•lō•sīt) | Immature form of red blood cell, normally comprising about 1% of circulating red blood cells. |
| Systole (sis’tō•lē) | Contraction of the chambers of the heart; the myocardial fibers shorten, making the chamber smaller and forcing out blood. |
| Tachycardia (tăk”ē•kăr’dē•ă) | Abnormally rapid heartbeat, generally defined as exceeding 100 beats per minute. |
| Thrombus (thrŏm’bŭs) | Blood clot formed along the wall of a blood vessel or in a cavity of the heart. It may be of sufficient size to obstruct blood flow; or all, or a portion, of it may break off to become an embolus. (See embolus.) |
| Tinnitus (tĭn•ī’tŭs) | Ringing, buzzing, tinkling, or hissing sound in the ear. |
| Uremia (u•re•me•ah) | Toxic condition associated with chronic renal failure and produced by excess levels of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogen-based compounds in the blood. |
| Vasodilator (văs”ō•dī•lā’tŏr) | Drug or agent causing relaxation and expansion of the blood vessels. |
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