Question 1

Alveoli (pulmonary) 
(ăl•vē’ō•lī)

Accepted Answer

The microscopic air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs.

Question 2

Apnea 
(ăp•nē’ă)

Accepted Answer

Temporary cessation in breathing.

Question 3

Biotin 
(bī ō•tĭn)

Accepted Answer

Component of the vitamin B complex essential for the metabolism of fat and carbohydrates.

Question 4

Blastomycosis 
(blăs’tō•mī•kō’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Infection caused by the fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis; the infection can be cutaneous but usually affects the lungs.

Question 5

Bleb 
(blĕb)

Accepted Answer

Irregularly shaped elevation of the epidermis. A blister.

Question 6

Clubbing 
(klŭb’ĭng)

Accepted Answer

Condition characterized by bulbous swelling of the tips of the fingers and toes.

Question 7

Coccidioidomycosis 
(kŏk•sĭd’ē•oi’dō•mī•kō’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Also called San Joaquin Valley fever, it is caused by Coccidioides immitis, a fungus common in the dry desert soils of California, New Mexico, Nevada, and Arizona.

Question 8

Diaphoresis 
(dī”ă•fō•rē’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Sweating, especially when profuse or medically induced.

Question 9

Empyema 
(ĕm’pī•ē’ma)

Accepted Answer

An abscess caused by infected pleural fluid.

Question 10

Endophthalmitis 
(ĕn’dŏf•thǝl•mī’tĭs)

Accepted Answer

A bacterial or fungal infection inside the eye causing inflammation of the vitreous and/or aqueous humors.

Question 11

Exudate 
(ĕks’ū•dāt)

Accepted Answer

Fluid discharged through vessel walls and collected in adjacent tissue. It has a high content of protein and cellular debris. (Compare with transudate.)

Question 12

Hemoptysis 
(hē•mŏp’tĭ•sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Coughing and spitting up blood due to bleeding in any portion of the respiratory tract.

Question 13

Histoplasmosis 
(hīs’tō•plăz•mō’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Also called Darling disease, it is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.

Question 14

Hypersomnia 
(hī’’pĕr•sŏm’•nē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Excessive daytime sleepiness.

Question 15

Hypoxemia 
(hī•pŏks•ē’mē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Decreased oxygen in arterial blood.

Question 16

Hypoxia 
(hī•pŏks’ē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Decreased concentration of oxygen in the inspired air and body tissues.

Question 17

Kyphoscoliosis 
(kī’’fō•skō’’lē•ō’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Abnormal backward and lateral curvature of the spine.

Question 18

Malaise 
(mă•lāz’)

Accepted Answer

Generalized feeling of illness, discomfort, or depression indicative of some underlying disease or disorder.

Question 19

Maxillomandibular advancement 
(măk”sĭ•lō• măn•dĭb’ū•lăr ăd•văns’mĕnt)

Accepted Answer

Surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea; both the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible) are moved forward to enlarge the airway.

Question 20

Nosocomial 
(nŏs”ō•kō’mē•ăl)

Accepted Answer

Occurring in a health-care setting.

Question 21

Orthopnea 
(ŏr•thŏp’nē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Respiratory condition in which there is discomfort breathing in any but erect standing or sitting positions.

Question 22

Percussion 
(pēr•kŭsh’ŭn)

Accepted Answer

Diagnostic technique in which various body surfaces are tapped; the resulting sounds indicate the size, position, and general condition of underlying organs or structures.

Question 23

pH 
(pē•āitch’)

Accepted Answer

Degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution, expressed in numbers from 0 to 14. Maximum acidity is pH 0 and maximum alkalinity is pH 14. A pH of 7 is neutral.

Question 24

Pleurectomy 
(ploo•rĕk’tō•mē)

Accepted Answer

Surgical excision of a portion of the pleura.

Question 25

Polycythemia vera 
(pŏl”ē•sī•the’mē•a vē’ră)

Accepted Answer

Chronic, life-shortening disorder of the bone marrow, involving the tissue producing blood cells. It is primarily characterized by abnormally high numbers of circulating red blood cells.

Question 26

Postural drainage 
(pŏs’tū•răl drā’nĭj)

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic technique in which a client is directed to assume a variety of positions that facilitate the drainage of secretions in the lobes of the lungs or the bronchial passages.

Question 27

Pulmonary infarction 
(pŭl’mō•nĕ•rē ĭn•fark’shŭn)

Accepted Answer

Death of a localized area of lung tissue resulting from an interruption of blood flow to that area. Generally caused by a pulmonary embolism.

Question 28

Rhonchi 
(rŏng’kī)

Accepted Answer

Rale or rattling in the throat, especially when it resembles snoring.

Question 29

Septic 
(sĕp’tĭk)

Accepted Answer

Pertaining to disease-causing organisms or their toxins.

Question 30

Sputum 
(spū’tŭm)

Accepted Answer

Substance expelled by coughing or clearing the throat.

Question 31

Stridor 
(strī’dŏr)

Accepted Answer

Harsh, high-pitched sound during respiration due to obstruction of air passages.

Question 32

Thoracentesis 
(thō”ră•sĕn•tē’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Surgical puncture of the chest wall to remove fluid from either of the pleural cavities.

Question 33

Thoracotomy 
(thō”răk•ŏt’ō•mē)

Accepted Answer

Surgical incision in the wall of the chest.

Question 34

Thrombocytosis 
(thrŏm”bō•sī•tō’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

A condition pertaining to high platelet count in the blood.

Question 35

Transillumination 
(trăns’’ĭl•lū”mĭ•nā’shŭn)

Accepted Answer

Visual inspection of a body structure or organ by passing a light through its walls.

Question 36

Transudate 
(trăns’ū•dāt)

Accepted Answer

Fluid discharged through a membrane or vessel wall. In contrast to an exudate, a transudate has a low content of protein or cellular debris.

Question 37

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty 
(ū”vū•lō•păl”ă•tō•fă•rĭn”gō• plăs’tē)

Accepted Answer

A procedure that removes excess tissue in the throat to make the airway wider; often used to treat obstructive sleep apnea.

MED203 ECPI

MED203 CH13 KEY TERMS

Term	Definition
MED203 CH13 KEY TERMS
Alveoli (pulmonary) (ăl•vē’ō•lī)	The microscopic air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs.
Apnea (ăp•nē’ă)	Temporary cessation in breathing.
Biotin (bī ō•tĭn)	Component of the vitamin B complex essential for the metabolism of fat and carbohydrates.
Blastomycosis (blăs’tō•mī•kō’sĭs)	Infection caused by the fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis; the infection can be cutaneous but usually affects the lungs.
Bleb (blĕb)	Irregularly shaped elevation of the epidermis. A blister.
Clubbing (klŭb’ĭng)	Condition characterized by bulbous swelling of the tips of the fingers and toes.
Coccidioidomycosis (kŏk•sĭd’ē•oi’dō•mī•kō’sĭs)	Also called San Joaquin Valley fever, it is caused by Coccidioides immitis, a fungus common in the dry desert soils of California, New Mexico, Nevada, and Arizona.
Diaphoresis (dī”ă•fō•rē’sĭs)	Sweating, especially when profuse or medically induced.
Empyema (ĕm’pī•ē’ma)	An abscess caused by infected pleural fluid.
Endophthalmitis (ĕn’dŏf•thǝl•mī’tĭs)	A bacterial or fungal infection inside the eye causing inflammation of the vitreous and/or aqueous humors.
Exudate (ĕks’ū•dāt)	Fluid discharged through vessel walls and collected in adjacent tissue. It has a high content of protein and cellular debris. (Compare with transudate.)
Hemoptysis (hē•mŏp’tĭ•sĭs)	Coughing and spitting up blood due to bleeding in any portion of the respiratory tract.
Histoplasmosis (hīs’tō•plăz•mō’sĭs)	Also called Darling disease, it is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.
Hypersomnia (hī’’pĕr•sŏm’•nē•ă)	Excessive daytime sleepiness.
Hypoxemia (hī•pŏks•ē’mē•ă)	Decreased oxygen in arterial blood.
Hypoxia (hī•pŏks’ē•ă)	Decreased concentration of oxygen in the inspired air and body tissues.
Kyphoscoliosis (kī’’fō•skō’’lē•ō’sĭs)	Abnormal backward and lateral curvature of the spine.
Malaise (mă•lāz’)	Generalized feeling of illness, discomfort, or depression indicative of some underlying disease or disorder.
Maxillomandibular advancement (măk”sĭ•lō• măn•dĭb’ū•lăr ăd•văns’mĕnt)	Surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea; both the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible) are moved forward to enlarge the airway.
Nosocomial (nŏs”ō•kō’mē•ăl)	Occurring in a health-care setting.
Orthopnea (ŏr•thŏp’nē•ă)	Respiratory condition in which there is discomfort breathing in any but erect standing or sitting positions.
Percussion (pēr•kŭsh’ŭn)	Diagnostic technique in which various body surfaces are tapped; the resulting sounds indicate the size, position, and general condition of underlying organs or structures.
pH (pē•āitch’)	Degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution, expressed in numbers from 0 to 14. Maximum acidity is pH 0 and maximum alkalinity is pH 14. A pH of 7 is neutral.
Pleurectomy (ploo•rĕk’tō•mē)	Surgical excision of a portion of the pleura.
Polycythemia vera (pŏl”ē•sī•the’mē•a vē’ră)	Chronic, life-shortening disorder of the bone marrow, involving the tissue producing blood cells. It is primarily characterized by abnormally high numbers of circulating red blood cells.
Postural drainage (pŏs’tū•răl drā’nĭj)	Therapeutic technique in which a client is directed to assume a variety of positions that facilitate the drainage of secretions in the lobes of the lungs or the bronchial passages.
Pulmonary infarction (pŭl’mō•nĕ•rē ĭn•fark’shŭn)	Death of a localized area of lung tissue resulting from an interruption of blood flow to that area. Generally caused by a pulmonary embolism.
Rhonchi (rŏng’kī)	Rale or rattling in the throat, especially when it resembles snoring.
Septic (sĕp’tĭk)	Pertaining to disease-causing organisms or their toxins.
Sputum (spū’tŭm)	Substance expelled by coughing or clearing the throat.
Stridor (strī’dŏr)	Harsh, high-pitched sound during respiration due to obstruction of air passages.
Thoracentesis (thō”ră•sĕn•tē’sĭs)	Surgical puncture of the chest wall to remove fluid from either of the pleural cavities.
Thoracotomy (thō”răk•ŏt’ō•mē)	Surgical incision in the wall of the chest.
Thrombocytosis (thrŏm”bō•sī•tō’sĭs)	A condition pertaining to high platelet count in the blood.
Transillumination (trăns’’ĭl•lū”mĭ•nā’shŭn)	Visual inspection of a body structure or organ by passing a light through its walls.
Transudate (trăns’ū•dāt)	Fluid discharged through a membrane or vessel wall. In contrast to an exudate, a transudate has a low content of protein or cellular debris.
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (ū”vū•lō•păl”ă•tō•fă•rĭn”gō• plăs’tē)	A procedure that removes excess tissue in the throat to make the airway wider; often used to treat obstructive sleep apnea.

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