Question 1

Agnosia 
(ăg•nō’zē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Loss of ability to understand or interpret auditory, visual, or other forms of sensory information even though the respective sensory organs are functioning properly.

Question 2

Agraphia 
(ă•grăf’ē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Loss of ability to convert thought into writing.

Question 3

Alexia 
(ă•lĕk’sē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Loss of ability to understand the written language.

Question 4

Anticholinergic 
(ăn’’tī•kō’’lĭn•ĕr’jĭk)

Accepted Answer

Drug or agent that inhibits the action of the neurotransmitter chemical acetylcholine, blocking parasympathetic nerve impulses, with consequent reduction of smooth-muscle contractions and various bodily secretions.

Question 5

Aphasia 
(ă•fā’zē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Loss or impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs due to dysfunction of brain centers.

Question 6

Bradykinesia 
(brăd’’ē•kĭ•nē’sē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Extreme slowness of movement.

Question 7

Cataplexy 
(‘kadǝ•pleksē)

Accepted Answer

Sudden, brief loss of muscle control as the result of a strong emotional response such as hearty laughter, excitement, surprise, or anger.

Question 8

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 
(sĕr’’ĕ•brō•spī’nal flū’ĭd)

Accepted Answer

Clear fluid that bathes the ventricles of the brain and the central cavity of the spinal cord.

Question 9

Cheyne-Stokes respiration 
(chān’stōks’ rĕs•pĭr•ā’shŭn)

Accepted Answer

Breathing pattern disturbance characterized by a period of deep, rapid respirations followed by a period of shallow respirations or no respirations at all. The cycle rhythmically repeats every 45 seconds to 3 minutes.

Question 10

Contracture 
(kŏn•trăk’chūr)

Accepted Answer

Permanent shortening or contraction of a muscle, often producing physical distortion or deformity.

Question 11

Craniotomy 
(krā’’nē•ŏt’ō•mē)

Accepted Answer

Surgical incision through the cranium.

Question 12

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 
(dē•ŏk’’sē•rī’’bō•nū’klē•ĭk ă’sĭd)

Accepted Answer

An acid containing the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all living organisms.

Question 13

Diplopia 
(dĭp•lō’pē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Double vision.

Question 14

Dysphasia 
(dĭs•fā’zē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Impairment of speech resulting from a brain lesion.

Question 15

Endoplasmic reticulum 
(ĕn’dō•plăz’’mĭk rĕ•tĭk’ū•lŭm)

Accepted Answer

A network of sacs that manufactures, processes, and transports chemical compounds for use inside and outside the cell; responsible for the production of the protein and lipid components of most of the cell’s organelles.

Question 16

Foramen magnum 
(for•ā’mĕn măg’nŭm)

Accepted Answer

Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes from the brain.

Question 17

Hemiparesis 
(hĕm’’ē•păr’ĕ•sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Paralysis affecting only one side of the body.

Question 18

Hypnagogic 
(‘hipnǝ’gäjik)

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations or dreams occurring just before sleep or loss of consciousness.

Question 19

Meninges 
(mĕn•ĭn’jēz)

Accepted Answer

Three membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.

Question 20

Mitochondria 
(mīt’’ō•kŏn’drē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Microscopic cell organelle that contains enzymes for cell respiration.

Question 21

Neuropeptide 
(noor’’ō•pĕp’tĭd)

Accepted Answer

Brain messengers responsible for mood, energy levels, pain and pleasure reception, body weight, and ability to solve problems; they also form memories and regulate the immune system.

Question 22

Nuchal rigidity 
(nū’kăl rĭ•jĭ’dĭ•tē)

Accepted Answer

Stiff neck.

Question 23

Photophobia 
(fō’’tō•fō’bē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Unusual intolerance of light.

Question 24

Ribosome 
(rī’bō•sōm)

Accepted Answer

Microscopic cell organelles that produce proteins for cells.

Question 25

Serotonin 
(ser’’ō•tōn’ĭn)

Accepted Answer

A chemical found in platelets, gastrointestinal mucosa, mast cells, and the central nervous system; its action on cellular receptors plays a role in intestinal motility, nausea and vomiting, sleep-wake cycles, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, and eating.

Question 26

Somatic 
(sō•măt’ĭk)

Accepted Answer

Pertaining to sensation perceived as originating from superficial or muscular structures of the body rather than sensations seeming to come from the internal organs.

Question 27

Stupor 
(stū’pŏr)

Accepted Answer

Condition of unconsciousness or lethargy.

Question 28

Tinnitus 
(tĭn•ī’tŭs)

Accepted Answer

Ringing, buzzing, tinkling, or hissing sound in the ear.

Question 29

Visceral 
(vĭs’ĕr•ăl)

Accepted Answer

Pertaining to the cavity containing internal organs.

MED203 ECPI

MED203 CH10 KEY TERMS

Term	Definition
MED203 CH10 KEY TERMS
Agnosia (ăg•nō’zē•ă)	Loss of ability to understand or interpret auditory, visual, or other forms of sensory information even though the respective sensory organs are functioning properly.
Agraphia (ă•grăf’ē•ă)	Loss of ability to convert thought into writing.
Alexia (ă•lĕk’sē•ă)	Loss of ability to understand the written language.
Anticholinergic (ăn’’tī•kō’’lĭn•ĕr’jĭk)	Drug or agent that inhibits the action of the neurotransmitter chemical acetylcholine, blocking parasympathetic nerve impulses, with consequent reduction of smooth-muscle contractions and various bodily secretions.
Aphasia (ă•fā’zē•ă)	Loss or impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs due to dysfunction of brain centers.
Bradykinesia (brăd’’ē•kĭ•nē’sē•ă)	Extreme slowness of movement.
Cataplexy (‘kadǝ•pleksē)	Sudden, brief loss of muscle control as the result of a strong emotional response such as hearty laughter, excitement, surprise, or anger.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (sĕr’’ĕ•brō•spī’nal flū’ĭd)	Clear fluid that bathes the ventricles of the brain and the central cavity of the spinal cord.
Cheyne-Stokes respiration (chān’stōks’ rĕs•pĭr•ā’shŭn)	Breathing pattern disturbance characterized by a period of deep, rapid respirations followed by a period of shallow respirations or no respirations at all. The cycle rhythmically repeats every 45 seconds to 3 minutes.
Contracture (kŏn•trăk’chūr)	Permanent shortening or contraction of a muscle, often producing physical distortion or deformity.
Craniotomy (krā’’nē•ŏt’ō•mē)	Surgical incision through the cranium.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (dē•ŏk’’sē•rī’’bō•nū’klē•ĭk ă’sĭd)	An acid containing the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all living organisms.
Diplopia (dĭp•lō’pē•ă)	Double vision.
Dysphasia (dĭs•fā’zē•ă)	Impairment of speech resulting from a brain lesion.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ĕn’dō•plăz’’mĭk rĕ•tĭk’ū•lŭm)	A network of sacs that manufactures, processes, and transports chemical compounds for use inside and outside the cell; responsible for the production of the protein and lipid components of most of the cell’s organelles.
Foramen magnum (for•ā’mĕn măg’nŭm)	Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes from the brain.
Hemiparesis (hĕm’’ē•păr’ĕ•sĭs)	Paralysis affecting only one side of the body.
Hypnagogic (‘hipnǝ’gäjik)	Hallucinations or dreams occurring just before sleep or loss of consciousness.
Meninges (mĕn•ĭn’jēz)	Three membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
Mitochondria (mīt’’ō•kŏn’drē•ă)	Microscopic cell organelle that contains enzymes for cell respiration.
Neuropeptide (noor’’ō•pĕp’tĭd)	Brain messengers responsible for mood, energy levels, pain and pleasure reception, body weight, and ability to solve problems; they also form memories and regulate the immune system.
Nuchal rigidity (nū’kăl rĭ•jĭ’dĭ•tē)	Stiff neck.
Photophobia (fō’’tō•fō’bē•ă)	Unusual intolerance of light.
Ribosome (rī’bō•sōm)	Microscopic cell organelles that produce proteins for cells.
Serotonin (ser’’ō•tōn’ĭn)	A chemical found in platelets, gastrointestinal mucosa, mast cells, and the central nervous system; its action on cellular receptors plays a role in intestinal motility, nausea and vomiting, sleep-wake cycles, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, and eating.
Somatic (sō•măt’ĭk)	Pertaining to sensation perceived as originating from superficial or muscular structures of the body rather than sensations seeming to come from the internal organs.
Stupor (stū’pŏr)	Condition of unconsciousness or lethargy.
Tinnitus (tĭn•ī’tŭs)	Ringing, buzzing, tinkling, or hissing sound in the ear.
Visceral (vĭs’ĕr•ăl)	Pertaining to the cavity containing internal organs.

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