Question 1

Amino acid 
(ă•mē’nō ă’sĭd)

Accepted Answer

Any one of a large group of organic compounds constituting the primary building blocks of proteins.

Question 2

Analgesic 
(ăn’’ăl•jē’sĭk)

Accepted Answer

Drug or other agent used to relieve pain.

Question 3

Anaphylaxis 
(ăn’’ă•fĭ•lăk’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Allergic reaction of the body to a foreign body or other substance. Sometimes used to refer exclusively to a sudden, unusually severe, and possibly life-threatening allergic reaction.

Question 4

Antibody 
(ăn’tĭ•bŏd’’ē)

Accepted Answer

Protein substance produced by the body’s immune system in response to and interacting with a specific antigen.

Question 5

Antiemetic 
(ăn’’tĭ•ē•mĕt’ĭk)

Accepted Answer

Drug or other agent used to prevent or stop vomiting.

Question 6

Antigen 
(ăn’tĭ•jĕn)

Accepted Answer

Any substance that, when introduced into the body, causes the production of a specific antibody by the immune system.

Question 7

Chromosome 
(krō’mō•sōm)

Accepted Answer

In human cells, a linear structure in the nucleus composed of DNA and proteins and bearing part of the genetic information of the cell. Each human cell (except for egg or sperm cells) has 46 chromosomes, occurring in 23 pairs.

Question 8

Diuretic 
(dī’’ū•rĕt’yk)

Accepted Answer

Drug or agent that promotes the secretion of urine.

Question 9

Dyspnea 
(dĭsp•nē’ă)

Accepted Answer

Labored or difficult breathing, generally indicating an insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood.

Question 10

Edema 
(ĕ•dē’mă)

Accepted Answer

Excessive accumulation of fluid in bodily tissues. May be localized or general.

Question 11

Erythema 
(ĕr’’ĭ•the’mă)

Accepted Answer

Diffused redness of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries.

Question 12

Genotype 
(jĕn’ō•tīp)

Accepted Answer

Description of the combination of genes of an individual, either with respect to a single trait or with respect to a larger set of traits. (Contrast with phenotype.)

Question 13

Heterozygous 
(hĕt’’er•ō•zī’gŭs)

Accepted Answer

Possessing different genes from each parent for a particular trait.

Question 14

Homeostasis 
(ho’’mē•ō•stā’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Tendency of the body systems to maintain stability even though they are exposed to continually changing outside forces.

Question 15

Homozygous 
(hōm”ō•zī’gŭs)

Accepted Answer

Possessing identical genes from each parent for a particular trait.

Question 16

Hypovolemic shock 
(hī’’pō•vō•lē’mĭk shŏk)

Accepted Answer

Condition of severe physiological distress caused by such a large decrease in the circulating blood volume that the body’s metabolic needs cannot be met.

Question 17

Hypoxemia 
(hī’’pŏks•ē’mē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Decreased oxygen in arterial blood.

Question 18

Incontinence 
(ĭn•kŏn’tĭ•nĕns)

Accepted Answer

Inability to control the passage of urine, semen, or feces due to one or more physiological or psychological conditions.

Question 19

Lymphadenopathy (
lĭm•făd’’ĕ•nŏp’ă•thē)

Accepted Answer

Disease of the lymph nodes, usually manifested as swelling of the nodes.

Question 20

Macrophage 
(măk’rō•fāj)

Accepted Answer

Any of the class of cells within the body tissues having the ability to engulf particular substances and microorganisms.

Question 21

Metastasis 
(mĕ•tăs’tă•sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Movement of bacteria or body cells, especially cancer cells, from one part of the body to the other, typically by way of the circulatory system.

Question 22

Nosocomial 
(nŏs”ō•kō’mē•ăl)

Accepted Answer

Occurring in a health-care setting.

Question 23

Osteomalacia 
(ŏs”tē•ō•măl•ă’shē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Disease caused by vitamin D deficiency in adults that causes soft, flexible, brittle, deformed bones.

Question 24

Pathogenic 
(păth”ō•jĕn’ĭk)

Accepted Answer

Capable of causing disease.

Question 25

Phagocytosis 
(făg”ō•sī•tō’sĭs)

Accepted Answer

Ingestion and digestion of bacteria, other cells, and particles by a class of cells called phagocytes.

Question 26

Phenotype 
(fē’nō•tīp)

Accepted Answer

Observable physical characteristics of an individual, determined by the combined influences of the individual’s genetic makeup and the effects of environmental factors. (Contrast with genotype.)

Question 27

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte 
(pŏl’’ē•mōr’’fō•nū’klē•ăr loo’kō•sīt)

Accepted Answer

White blood cell that possesses a nucleus composed of 200 or more lobes or parts.

Question 28

Prion 
(pri’on)

Accepted Answer

A small protein-like infectious particle that is believed to be responsible for central nervous system diseases in humans and other mammals.

Question 29

Pruritus 
(proo•rī’tŭs)

Accepted Answer

Severe itching.

Question 30

Sequela 
(sē•kwē’lă)

Accepted Answer

Condition that is the result of a disease.

Question 31

Stridor 
(strī’dōr)

Accepted Answer

Harsh, high-pitched sound during respiration due to obstruction of air passages.

Question 32

Syncope 
(sĭn’kō•pē)

Accepted Answer

Transient loss of consciousness due to inadequate blood flow to the brain.

Question 33

Syndrome 
(sĭn’drōm)

Accepted Answer

A group of symptoms or signs linked by a common pathological history.

Question 34

Tachycardia 
(tăk’’ē•kăr’dē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Abnormally rapid heartbeat, generally defined as exceeding 100 beats per minute.

Question 35

Urticaria (
ŭr’’tĭ•kā’rē•ă)

Accepted Answer

Vascular reaction of the skin characterized by the temporary eruption of wheals; hives.

Question 36

Endorphin 
(ĕn•dŏr’fin)

Accepted Answer

One of a group of naturally occurring substances, produced by the central nervous system, that reduce the perception of pain. (See enkephalin.)

Question 37

Enkephalin 
(ĕn•kĕf ‘a•lĭn)

Accepted Answer

Substance produced in the brain that has opiate-like effects and produces analgesia. (See endorphin.)

MED203 ECPI

MED203 CH01 & CH02 KEY TERMS

Term	Definition
MED203 CH01 KEY TERMS
Amino acid (ă•mē’nō ă’sĭd)	Any one of a large group of organic compounds constituting the primary building blocks of proteins.
Analgesic (ăn’’ăl•jē’sĭk)	Drug or other agent used to relieve pain.
Anaphylaxis (ăn’’ă•fĭ•lăk’sĭs)	Allergic reaction of the body to a foreign body or other substance. Sometimes used to refer exclusively to a sudden, unusually severe, and possibly life-threatening allergic reaction.
Antibody (ăn’tĭ•bŏd’’ē)	Protein substance produced by the body’s immune system in response to and interacting with a specific antigen.
Antiemetic (ăn’’tĭ•ē•mĕt’ĭk)	Drug or other agent used to prevent or stop vomiting.
Antigen (ăn’tĭ•jĕn)	Any substance that, when introduced into the body, causes the production of a specific antibody by the immune system.
Chromosome (krō’mō•sōm)	In human cells, a linear structure in the nucleus composed of DNA and proteins and bearing part of the genetic information of the cell. Each human cell (except for egg or sperm cells) has 46 chromosomes, occurring in 23 pairs.
Diuretic (dī’’ū•rĕt’yk)	Drug or agent that promotes the secretion of urine.
Dyspnea (dĭsp•nē’ă)	Labored or difficult breathing, generally indicating an insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood.
Edema (ĕ•dē’mă)	Excessive accumulation of fluid in bodily tissues. May be localized or general.
Erythema (ĕr’’ĭ•the’mă)	Diffused redness of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries.
Genotype (jĕn’ō•tīp)	Description of the combination of genes of an individual, either with respect to a single trait or with respect to a larger set of traits. (Contrast with phenotype.)
Heterozygous (hĕt’’er•ō•zī’gŭs)	Possessing different genes from each parent for a particular trait.
Homeostasis (ho’’mē•ō•stā’sĭs)	Tendency of the body systems to maintain stability even though they are exposed to continually changing outside forces.
Homozygous (hōm”ō•zī’gŭs)	Possessing identical genes from each parent for a particular trait.
Hypovolemic shock (hī’’pō•vō•lē’mĭk shŏk)	Condition of severe physiological distress caused by such a large decrease in the circulating blood volume that the body’s metabolic needs cannot be met.
Hypoxemia (hī’’pŏks•ē’mē•ă)	Decreased oxygen in arterial blood.
Incontinence (ĭn•kŏn’tĭ•nĕns)	Inability to control the passage of urine, semen, or feces due to one or more physiological or psychological conditions.
Lymphadenopathy ( lĭm•făd’’ĕ•nŏp’ă•thē)	Disease of the lymph nodes, usually manifested as swelling of the nodes.
Macrophage (măk’rō•fāj)	Any of the class of cells within the body tissues having the ability to engulf particular substances and microorganisms.
Metastasis (mĕ•tăs’tă•sĭs)	Movement of bacteria or body cells, especially cancer cells, from one part of the body to the other, typically by way of the circulatory system.
Nosocomial (nŏs”ō•kō’mē•ăl)	Occurring in a health-care setting.
Osteomalacia (ŏs”tē•ō•măl•ă’shē•ă)	Disease caused by vitamin D deficiency in adults that causes soft, flexible, brittle, deformed bones.
Pathogenic (păth”ō•jĕn’ĭk)	Capable of causing disease.
Phagocytosis (făg”ō•sī•tō’sĭs)	Ingestion and digestion of bacteria, other cells, and particles by a class of cells called phagocytes.
Phenotype (fē’nō•tīp)	Observable physical characteristics of an individual, determined by the combined influences of the individual’s genetic makeup and the effects of environmental factors. (Contrast with genotype.)
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pŏl’’ē•mōr’’fō•nū’klē•ăr loo’kō•sīt)	White blood cell that possesses a nucleus composed of 200 or more lobes or parts.
Prion (pri’on)	A small protein-like infectious particle that is believed to be responsible for central nervous system diseases in humans and other mammals.
Pruritus (proo•rī’tŭs)	Severe itching.
Sequela (sē•kwē’lă)	Condition that is the result of a disease.
Stridor (strī’dōr)	Harsh, high-pitched sound during respiration due to obstruction of air passages.
Syncope (sĭn’kō•pē)	Transient loss of consciousness due to inadequate blood flow to the brain.
Syndrome (sĭn’drōm)	A group of symptoms or signs linked by a common pathological history.
Tachycardia (tăk’’ē•kăr’dē•ă)	Abnormally rapid heartbeat, generally defined as exceeding 100 beats per minute.
Urticaria ( ŭr’’tĭ•kā’rē•ă)	Vascular reaction of the skin characterized by the temporary eruption of wheals; hives.
MED203 CH02 KEY TERMS
Endorphin (ĕn•dŏr’fin)	One of a group of naturally occurring substances, produced by the central nervous system, that reduce the perception of pain. (See enkephalin.)
Enkephalin (ĕn•kĕf ‘a•lĭn)	Substance produced in the brain that has opiate-like effects and produces analgesia. (See endorphin.)

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