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6th Grade Final
Final Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Five Themes of Geography | location, Place, Human Environment Interaction, Region, Movement |
| archipelago | sea or stretch of water containing many islands |
| cave paintings | paintings on cave walls and ceilings, especially those dating from prehistoric times that were used to record history and explain aspects of early culture |
| civilization | society with cities, a central government, job specialization, and social classes; people understand how to use their surroundings in order to survive |
| cultural diffusion | The spread of culture, ideas, customs, and technologies from one group of people to another; often a result of war, trade, exploration, migration, and reading about other cultures |
| culture | way of life; beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people |
| dharma | In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties |
| division of labor | workers specialize in a particular task or job to make large jobs more efficient/get done faster; early bands of people did this to survive |
| domesticate | to tame; to bring plants or animals under human control |
| Fall of Rome factors | Sickness and disease, poverty, resentment of people conquered by Rome, slavery, Christianity began to replace polytheism and becomes official religion of Rome feudalism A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong t |
| Geography of Greece | Mountains and small islands allowed city to develop into independent communities |
| Golden Age of Athens | a period of growth in ancient Athens in intellectual & and artistic learning, including drama, sculpture, poetry, philosophy, architecture, & science; Pericles associated with this time |
| Golden Age of Rome | the reign of Augustus Caesar |
| Human-Environment Interaction | humans and theirs surroundings affect each other (modify and adapt) importance of water civilizations settled near water sources to have access to water for drinking, bathing, farming, transportation, and trade |
| irrigation | Supplying land with water through a network of canals fo agriculture |
| Location | position of anything on Earth's surface (relative is general, absolute is exact) |
| manor | a large estate owned by a knight or lord |
| migration | movement of people from one place to another |
| monotheism | belief in only one god (ex. Judaism, Christianity) |
| Movement | people, products, & ideas move from place to place by communication and transportation |
| Neolithic Revolution | The switch from nomadic lifestyles to a settled agricultural lifestyle is this revolution; polished tools, made pottery, domesticated plants and animals, (Neolithic was New Stone Age) |
| Paleolithic | Old Stone Age; people were mostly hunters-gatherers that traveled in small bands during this time ; no domestication or agriculture yet |
| peninsula | A piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides (ex. Italy) |
| Place | every location on Earth has a place identity (physical features like landforms and human features like buildings) |
| polytheism | Belief in many gods (ex. Greek mythology, Hinduism) |
| primary source | a firsthand account of an event created by someone who took part in or witnessed the event (ex. journals, artifact, autobiography, recording) |
| Region | areas on Earth that differ from each other because of their features (same region share certain features) |
| reincarnation | rebirth of a soul in a new body in Hinduism and Buddhism |
| secondary source | descriptions of events written later or replicas made by people who did not witness or create them originally (textbook, newspaper, biography) |
| subcontinent | A large landmass that is connected to the rest of the continent (ex. India) |
| Alexander the Great | son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, |
| Augustus Caesar | Birth name Octavian; the adopted son of Julius Caesar; help Rome come into Pax Romana, or the Golden Age of Rome |
| Buddha | Means "Enlightened One." He is said to have found a path for overcoming suffering. started Buddhism in India. |
| Confucius Chinese | philosopher who taught about respect within family; wanted society to be just and good; believed it was necessary to be honest, work hard, and obey rules; had a great influence on people's way of thinking about life and moral conduct |
| Hammurabi | Babylonian king who made a code of laws in Sumer and Mesopotamia (Code of Hammurabi)- Eye for an eye |
| Homer | A Greek poet, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey |
| Julius Caesar | Roman ruler who was part of the first triumvirate then made himself "emperor for life". Was assassinated by fellow senators because of his extreme power |
| Pericles | Greek leader during Golden Age of Athens who advanced democracy in Athens and ordered the construction of the Parthenon. Started pay for public officials. |
| Shi Huangdi | founder of the Qin dynasty and China's first Grand Emperor; unified China |
| aqueduct Rome; | A raised channel used to carry water from mountains into cities |
| Twelve Tables | basis of today's laws Rome; men could be part of their government |
| calendar | Egypt; made to predict river flooding and planting of crops |
| Code of Hammurabi | Babylon; legal code of the 18th century b.c. or earlier, instituted by Hammurabi and dealing with criminal and civil matters. |
| coined money | China ; introduced during Zhou dynasty and improved trade |
| cuneiform | Sumer :writing made by pressing a wedge; shaped tool into clay tablets |
| decimal system | Greece; system of numbers based on 10 |
| hieroglyphics | Egypt : writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds |
| Hippocratic Oath | Greece; oath taken by medical students swearing to practice medicine in an ethical way |
| irrigation | ;Sumer way of supplying water to land through a system of canals |
| levees | China; an embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river. |
| Olympics | Greece; An ancient Greek festival in honor of the god Zeus, which took place every four years and featured competitions in athletics and poetry. |
| papyrus | Egypt; paper made from reed plants |
| pyramids | Egypt ; Huge stone tombs with four triangle; shaped walls that met in a point on top; tombs for pharaohs |
| seismograph | China ; device that measures the strength of an earthquake |
| shaduf | Egypt ; irrigation tool |
| standardized weights and measures | India; uniform system of measurement |
| taxation system | Mesopotamia; collecting of money for the government to run society |
| wheel | Sumer; invention that improved land trade by making travel easier |
| ziggurat | Sumer; temple made of sun-dried brick that was dedicated to the chief god or goddess of a particular city |
| printing press | Invention during the Renaissance period to reproduce printed words and books. |
| calendar | Egypt; made to predict river flooding and planting of crops |
| Code of Hammurabi | Babylon ;legal code of the 18th century b.c. or earlier, instituted by Hammurabi and dealing with criminal and civil matters. |