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Root words
Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adenoid/o | adenoid (lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx) |
| tonsill/o | tonsil (lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx) |
| nas/o, rhin/o | nose |
| laryng/o | larynx (voice box) |
| pharyng/o | throat |
| pharyngostenosis | narrowing of the throat |
| trache/o | trachea (windpipe) |
| stomy | creation of an opening |
| sept/o | septum |
| sin/o, sinus/o | sinus |
| penum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o | lung or air |
| penumonia | lung infection |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| lob/o | lobes |
| bronch/o, bronchi/o | bronchus |
| stenosis | narrowing |
| bronchiol/o | bronchiole |
| ectasis | widening |
| alveol/o | alveoli (air sac) |
| stern/o | sternum |
| cost/o | rib |
| costophrenic | relating to the robs and diaphragmatic breathing |
| thorac/o, pecto/o (pectus), steth/o | chest |
| pectus excavatum | chest (sternum) that goes inward |
| pleur/o | pleura (membrane that surrounds the lung and chest wall) |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| plegia | paralysis |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| spir/o, -pnea | breathing |
| sleep apnea | lack of breathing while sleeping |
| capn/o, carb/o | carbon dioxide |
| sputum | phlegm |
| apnea | cessation of breathing |
| eupnea | normal breathing |
| thachypnea | rapid breathing |
| hypopnea | shallow breathing |
| hyperpnea | heavy breathing |
| dyspnea | difficult breathing |
| orthopnea | able to breath only in an upright position, |
| hypocapnia | low levels of carbon dioxide |
| dysphonia | bad voice |
| epistaxis | nose bleed |
| rhinorrhagia | excessive flow of blood from the nose |
| rhinorrhea | runny nose |
| phrenospasm | involuntary contraction of the diaphragm (hiccups) |
| expectoration | coughing and spitting up material from the lungs |
| hemoptosis | coughing up blood |
| pectoriloquy | patient speaks while the health professional listen to areas with stethoscope |
| cyanosis | bluish color of skin caused by insufficient oxygen |
| pectus carinatum | sternum protrudes like the keel of a ship |
| pectus excavatum | sternum is hollowed out |
| atelectasis | incomplete expansion of the lung tissue |
| bronchiectasis | expansion of the bronchi |
| caseous necrosis | death of a tissue that has a cheeselike appearance |
| pulmonary edema | swelling of lungs |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea |
| phrenoplegia | paralysis of the diaphragm |
| phrenoptosis | dropping of the diaphragm |
| chylothorax | chyle in the chest (milky-white appeparance) |
| empyema, pyothorax | pus in the chest |
| pleural effusion | large amount of fluid in the pleural space |
| pneumohemothorax | air and blood in the chest |
| hypoxemia | low oxygen level in blood |
| hypoxia | low oxygen level |
| graphy | procedure to measure |
| meter | device to measure |
| metry | procedure to measure |
| pulmonary angiography | imaging of the pulmonary vessels |
| ventilation-perfusion scan | scan that tests whether a problem in the lungs is due to airflow (ventilation) or blood flow (perfusion) |
| polysomnography | recording multiple aspects of sleep |
| spirometry | procedure to measure breathing |
| bronchoscopy | process of viewing inside of bronchi |
| thoracoscopy | examination of the inside of the chest |
| pansinusitis | inflammation of all the sinuses |
| cystic fibrosis | causes thick mucous buildup in the lungs and pancreas |
| emphysema | loss of elasticity of the alveoli, difficult exhaling air |
| pneumoconiosis | lung disease caused by inhaling dust |
| pulmonary embolism | matter in the pulmonary vasculature that blocks pulmonary blood supply |
| pulmonary neoplasm | new growth in the lung |
| restrictive lung disorder | cause by the limiting of air into the lungs |
| bronchiogenic carcinoma | cancerous tumor that originated in the bronchi |
| mesothelioma | cancerous tumor of the mesothelial cells lining the lungs |
| antitussives | treat cough |
| expectorant, mucolytic | treat mucus |
| palatoplasty | surgical repair of a palate |
| tracheostomy | creation of an opening in the trachea |
| tracheotomy | incision into the trachea |
| pleuropexy | reattachment of the pleural |
| centesis | puncture |
| stomy | creation of a hole |
| tomy | incision |
| ABG | arterial blood gas |
| Bx | biopsy |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| LRTI | lower respiratory pulmonary disease |
| LTB | laryngotracheobronchitis |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| PE | pulmonary embolism |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| URI/ URTI | upper respiratory infection, upper respiratory tract infection |
| CTA | clear to auscultation |
| DOE | dyspnea on exertion |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| CT | computer tomography |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| V/Q | ventilation- perfusion scan |
| ETT | endotracheal tube |
| PFT | pulmonary function test |
| PSG | polysomnography |
| T&A | tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
Created by:
cmoranramirez
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