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APHG CH1 vocab
Rubenstein's APHG textbook Chapter 1 vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Agricultural density | The number of farmers per unit area of farmland |
| Arithmetic density | The total number of objects in an area |
| Base line | An east-west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States |
| Cartography | The science of map-making |
| Concentration | The extent of a feature's spread over space |
| Connections | Relationships among people and objects |
| Contagious diffusion | The rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population |
| Cultural ecology | The geographic study of human-environment relationships |
| Cultural landscape | A combination of cultural features such as language and religion, economic features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation |
| Culture | The body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people |
| Density | The frequency with which something occurs in space |
| Diffusion | The process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time |
| Distance Decay | The phenomenon of two groups being less likely to interact the farther they are from eachother |
| Distribution | The arrangement of a feature in space |
| Environmental Determinism | Concentration on how the physical environment caused social development |
| Expansion Diffusion | The spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process |
| Formal Region | An area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics |
| Functional Region | An area organized around a node or focal point |
| Geographic Information System | A computer system that can capture, store, query, analyze, and display geographic data |
| Global Positioning System | A system that determines accurately the precise position of something on Earth |
| Globalization | A force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope |
| Greenwich Mean Time | The time at the prime mmeridian, and master reference time for all points on Earth |
| Hearth | The place from which an innovation originates |
| Hierarchical Diffusion | The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places |
| International Date Line | A line following 180 degrees longitude that causes you to move forward or backward 24 hours depending on whether you cross it to the East or the West |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | Designates several north-south lines as principal meridians and several east-west lines as baselines, in order to facilitate the numbering of townships |
| Latitude | The numbering system to indicate the location of a parallel |
| Location | The position that something occupies on Earth's surface |
| Longitude | The location of each meridian is identified on Earth's surface according to a numbering system known as longitude |
| Map | A two-dimensional or flat-scale model of Earth's surface, or a portion of it |
| Mental Map | An internal representation of a portion of Earth's surface |
| Meridian | An arc drawn between the North and South poles |
| Parallel | A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians |
| Pattern | The geometric arrangement of objects in space |
| Physiological density | The number of persons per unit of area suitable for agriculture |
| Place | A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character |
| Polder | A piece of land that is created by draining water from an area |
| Possibilism | The fact that the physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment |
| Prime Meridian | The meridian that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England Principal Meridian |
| Projection | The scientific method of transferring locations on Earth's surface to a flat map |
| Region | An are of Earth distinguished by a distinctive combination of cultural and physical features |
| Regional Studies | An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area |
| Relocation Diffusion | The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another |
| Remote Sensing | The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiging Earth or from other long-distance methods |
| Resource | Substances that are useful to people, economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use |
| Scale | The relationship of a feature's size on a map to its actual size on Earth |
| Section | A 1 mile by 1 mile square area; The Land Ordinance of 1785 divides townships into 36 of these |
| Site | The physical character of a place |
| Situation | The location of a place relative to other places |
| Space | The physical gap or interval between two objects |
| Space-time compression | Describes the reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place |
| Stimulus Diffusion | The spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse |
| Taponym | The name given to a place on Earth |
| Township | A square 6 miles on each side |
| Transnational corporation | A corporation that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters and principal shareholders are located |
| Uneven Development | The increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy |
| Vernacular region | A place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity |
| Thats all for Chapter 1. | Chapter 2 coming soon. |
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