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WEEK 25:
Assessment and treatment of sports injuries:
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the most common tissue injuries in sport | soft tissue |
| soft tissue | tissues that connect, support, or surround other structures and organs of the body |
| examples of soft tissue | muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia, nerves, fibrous tissues, fat, blood vessels, and synovial membranes |
| types of soft tissue injury | acute (direct/contact and indirect/ non contact) and overuse injuries (chronic) |
| direct/contact injury | acute injury caused by an external blow/force |
| indirect/non contact injury | actual injury can occur some distance from impact site and injury does not result from physical contact with an object or person but from INTERNAL forces built up by the actions of the performer |
| what are overuse injuries | when exercise applied in a way that adaptation of muscles cannot occur, excessive overload can cause injuries leading to inflammation |
| overuse injuries is caused by | training errors, improper technique, excessive training, inadequate rest, muscle weakness and early specialisation |
| symptoms of overuse injuries | gradual onset resulting in athletes going undiagnosed and untreated for longer periods of time |
| intrinsic factors refer to | persons physical characteristic eg age, sex, body composition, health, physical fitness, anatomy, skill level, and psychological factors |
| extrinsic factors include (4) | supporting factors (contact/non contact, level of plate, position played, coaching and rules), protective equipment (helmet and mouth guard) , sports equipment (shoes/ skis), and environment (weather, floor, time of day) |
| mechanisms of injury (MOI) refers to | way damage to the body occurs |
| healthcare professionals use MOI to | determine how likely it is that a serious injury has occurred |
| components to consider in MOI (3) | force applied, tissue type affected, and severity of force |
| type of MOI (5) | blunt or penetrating, direct or indirect, trauma, torsion, shearing, and hyperextension of hyperflexion |
| signs and symptoms of MOI (6) | tenderness, reduced ROM, pain, weakness, swelling, and bruising |
| grade I ligament sprain grading | microscopic tearing, minimal swelling, no joint instability and fully/ partial weight bearing |
| grade II ligament sprain grading | partial tearing, moderate/ severe swelling, mild/moderate joint instability, and unable weight bearing |
| grade III ligament sprain grading | complete rupture, severe swelling, moderate/severe joint instability, and unable weight bearing |
| procedure followed after minor soft tissue injuries for few days (PRICE) | protect, rest, ice, compress, and elevate |
| procedure AVOIDED followed after soft tissue injuries (HARM) | heat, alcohol, running, and massage |
| how long does acute injury phase take | 1-7 days |
| treatment for acute injury | RICE - simple ROM |
| how long does subacute injury phase take | 3 days- 3weeks |
| treatment for subacute injury | concentric exercise - simple ROM |
| how long does remodeling injury phase take | 1-6 weeks |
| treatment for remodeling injury | stretching and eccentric exercise |
| how long does functional injury phase take | 2 weeks - 6 months |
| treatment for functional injury | sport specific strength flexibility and flexibility protocols |
| how long does it take to return to sport after injury | 3 weeks - 6 months |
| subsequent treatment focuses on (goal) (4) | pain relief, regaining full movement, muscle strengthening, and propioceptive retraining - BRACE AND SPLINT |
Created by:
kablooey
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