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Nervous System
Word parts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cerebr/o, encephal/o | brain |
| cerebropathy | disease of the brain |
| cerebrospinal | pertaining to the brain and spinal cord |
| encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
| encephalogram | record of the brain |
| cerebell/o | cerebellum |
| cerebellar | pertaining to the cerebellum |
| cerebellitis | inflammation of the cerebellum |
| lob/o | lobe |
| lobotomy | incision into the lobe |
| lobectomy | removal of a lobe |
| cephal/o | head |
| microcephaly | abnormally small head |
| macrocephaly | abnormally large head |
| crani/o | head or skull |
| craniometer | device to measure the skull |
| craniomalacia | softening of the skull |
| mening/o, meningi/o | meninges |
| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges |
| meningopathy | disease of the meninges |
| dur/o | dura |
| epidural | pertaining to above the dura |
| subdural hematoma | a collection of blood in the space below the dura |
| neur/o | nerve |
| neuralgia | nerve pain |
| neuropathy | nerve disease |
| gangli/o | nerve bundle |
| gangliitis | inflammation of a ganglion |
| myel/o | spinal cord, bone marrow |
| myelitis | inflammation of the spinal cord |
| myelodysplasia | defective formation of the spinal cord |
| esthesi/o | feeling or sensation |
| anesthesia | lack of sensation |
| hyperesthesia | increase sensitivity to stimuli |
| phas/o | speech |
| aphasia | lack of speech |
| phren/o, psych/o | mind |
| phrenetic | pertaining to the mind |
| psychology | study of the mind |
| somn/o, somn/i, hypn/o | sleep |
| somnography | process of recording sleep |
| insomnia | inability to sleep |
| hypnosis | condition of sleep |
| gnosi/o | knowledge |
| agnosia | lack of knowledge |
| diagnosis | what the health care professional thinks a patient has |
| prognosis | chances for things getting better or worse |
| -mania | excessive desire |
| pyromania | desire to set fire |
| kleptomania | desire to steal |
| -phobia | excessive fear or sensitivity |
| photophobia, hypersensitivity | fear of the light |
| hydrophobia | fear of water |
| -paresis | slight or partial paralysis |
| hemiparesis | slight paralysis on one side of the body |
| ton/o | muscle tone, tension, pressure |
| dystonia | abnormal tone |
| tonograph | machine to record muscle tone |
| tax/o | arrangement, order, coordination |
| ataxia | absence of movement |
| hypotaxia | reduce movement |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| quadriplegia | paralysis in four limbs |
| -asthenia | weakness |
| myasthenia | weakness of muscles |
| phonasthenia | weakness of the voice |
| aphasia | inability to speak |
| dysphasia | difficult speaking |
| ataxia | lack of coordination |
| catatonia | reduced muscle tone |
| dystonia | involuntary muscle movements |
| delirium | brief loss of mental funtion |
| dementia | loss/decline in mental funtion |
| dyslexia | difficult reading |
| dyskinesia | difficult moving |
| myoclonus | muscle twitching |
| myospasm | involuntary muscle contraction |
| neurasthenia | nerve weakness |
| insomnia | inability to sleep |
| somnambulism | sleep walking |
| syncope | fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to the brain |
| cephalalgia | head pain |
| cephalodynia | head pain |
| encephalalgia | brain pain |
| neuralgia | nerve pain |
| neurodynia | nerve pain |
| paresis | partial paralysis |
| hemiparesis | partial paralysis on one half of the body |
| monoparesis | partial paralysis in one limb |
| paralysis | complete loss of sensation and movement of |
| hemiplegia | complete loss of sensation and movement on one half of the body |
| monoplegia | complete loss of sensation and movement in one limb |
| dysesthesia | bad feeling |
| hyperesthesia | increase sensation |
| paresthesia | abnormal sensation (tingling) |
| pseudesthesia | false sensation |
| synesthesia | one sensation is experience as another |
| causalgia | burning pain |
| acrophobia | fear of heights |
| agoraphobia | fear of outdoor spaces |
| cerebellitis | inflammation of the cerebellum |
| cerebral atrophy | wasting away of brain tissue |
| duritis | inflammation of the dura (outer meningeal covering) |
| hematoma | tumorlike mass made up of blood vessels that |
| cranial hematoma | hematoma beneath the skull |
| epidural hematoma | hematoma on top of the dura |
| intracerebral hematona | hematoma inside the brain |
| subdural hematoma | hematoma beneath the dura |
| microcephaly | abnormally small skull |
| macrocephaly | abnormally large skull |
| encephalocele | hernia of the brain |
| meningocele | herniation of the meninges |
| myelocele | herniation of the spinal cord |
| myelomeningocele | herniation of the spinal cord and meninges |
| neuritis | inflammation of a nerve |
| polyneuritis | inflammation of many nerves |
| neuroma | nerve tumor |
| neurosclerosis | hardening of nerves |
| myelomalacia | abnormal softening of the spinal cord |
| agnosia | inability to comprehend (lack of knowledge) |
| prosopagnosia | inability to recognize face |
| apathy | lack of emotion |
| hyperkinesia | increase in muscle movement or activity |
| neurasthenia | nerve weakness |
| neuroglycopenia | low blood sugar that interferes with normal brain activity |
| nystagmus | involuntary back and forth eye movements |
| afferent nerve | sensory nerve; goes from periphery to central nervous system |
| efferent nerve | motor nerve; goes from the central nervous system to the periphery |
| anesthesiologist | doctor who specialized in anesthesiology (study of blocking sensation of pain) |
| psychiatrist | medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind |
| psychologist | doctor who specializes in in the study of the mind |
| neurogenic | originating from/created by nerves |
| psychosomatic | pertaining to relationship of the body and the mind |
| psychogenic | originating in/created by the mind |
| preictal | time before the seizure |
| interictal | time during the seizure |
| postictal | time after the seizure |
| tonic | pertaining to muscle tone (usually weak) |
| clonus | muscle spasm or twitching |
| tonic-clonic seizure | seizure with both a tonic and clonic stage |
| idiopathic | ok unknown origin (for many conditins) |
| cerebral aneurysm | abnormal widening of a blood vessel in the brain |
| cerebral arterioscleroris | hardening of the arteries of the brain |
| cerebral atherosclerosis | hardening of the arteries of the brain due to fatty plaque |
| cerebral embolism | clot in a blood vessel of the brain that originated elsewhere in the body |
| cerebral thrombosis | clot in a blood vessel of the brain |
| craniomalacia | abnormal softening of the skull |
| craniosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the skull |
| craniostenosis | abnormal narrowing of the skull |
| craniosynostosis | premature fusion of the skull bones |
| astrocytoma | tumor form astrocyte glial cells |
| glioblastoma | brain tumor from glioblast cells |
| hydrocephaly | excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain |
| cerebellitis | inflammation of the cerebellum |
| cerebromeningitis | inflammation of the brain and meninges |
| encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
| encephalomyelitis | inflammation of the brain and spinal cord |
| encephalomyeloneuropathy | disease of the brain, spinal cord and nerves |
| encephalopahty | disease of the brain |
| encephalopyosis | a pus-filled abscess in the brain |
| intracerebral hemorrhage | excessive bleeding inside the brain |
| meningioma | tumor of the meninges |
| meningopathy | disease of the meninges |
| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges |
| meningoencephalitis | inflammation of the meninges and brain |
| myelitis | inflammation of the spinal cord |
| myelodysplasia | defective formation of the spinal cord |
| myelopathy | disease of the spinal cord |
| ganglitis | inflammation of the ganglion |
| ganglioma | tumor of the ganglion |
| neuroarthropathy | disease of the joint associated with nerves |
| neuroencephalomyelopathy | disease of nerves, brain, and spinal cord |
| neuropathy | nerve disease |
| neurosis | a nerve condition |
| polyneuropathy | disease of many nerves |
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | hardening of nerve cells on the sides of the spine; the is loss of muscle tissue from disuse; a degenerative disease of the CNS causing loss of muscle control |
| poliomyelitis | inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
| anorexia | refusal to eat |
| bulimia | behavior characterized by overating followed by forces vomiting |
| dysphoria | negative mental state |
| euphoria | positive mental state |
| hypomania | mental state just below mania |
| manic depression (bipolar) | psychiatric disorders characterized by alternting bouts of excitement and depression |
| psychopathy | disease of the mind |
| psychosis | condition of the mind |
| schizophrenia | mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech |
| autism | condition in which there is a withdrawal from communication with others; the patient is focused only on the self |
| cerebral palsy | paralysis caused by damage to the area of brain responsible for movement |
| epilepsy | disease marked by seizures |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness |
| narcolepsy | disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness |
Created by:
cmoranramirez
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