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History 14 People

TermDefinition
King Henry IV strengthened royal power by a victory in the French civil wars; reduced the power of the nobility; increased government control of the economy
Cardinal Richelieu Louis XII’s chief advisor; destroyed the Huguenots; limited nobility; increased the prestige of France by entering into the Thirty Years' War
Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden who brought troops to Germany; entered the 30 Years’ War, but died fighting
King Louis XIV “Sun King”; Palace of Versailles; tried to consolidate power and claim the Spanish throne through his grandson
Jules Mazarin ruled the government under Louis XIV; continued many of Richelelieu’s policies
Jean-Baptiste Colbert Louis XIV appointed him as minister of finance
Louis XV had advisors rule for him in his youth; continued the lifestyle of Louis XIV when he became older
Frederick William most powerful German prince; controlled an army of 30,000 soldiers
Frederick I continued the growth of the Prussian army; King of Prussia
Frederick II composed music; concerned with arts; one of Prussia’s greatest war heroes; Frederick the Great; tripled the territory of Prussia; built Prussia into a storm rival of the Habsburg rulers in Austria
Joseph II uled with his mom, Maria Theresa; forced nobility and RCC to pay higher taxes; dissolved hundreds of monasteries; granted religious freedom to non-Catholics
Ivan IV (the Terrible) ruler of Russia shortly after Russia gained independence; took the title of Czar
Romanovs family group that got power in 1613
Peter I Romanov leader; worked to transform Russia into an absolutist state; westernized Russia; outlawed beards and robes
Catherine II (The Great) driven by uncontrolled ambition; may have been responsible for Peter III’s murder; transferred Russian Orthodox Church property to the government
James I king of England; expected all his subjects to conform to the Anglican Church; financial issues forced him to go before Parliament regularly to ask for more money
Pilgrims lived in Holland for several years before sailing to the New World
Charles I (E) wanted to be an absolute ruler but didn’t have the army; forced to sign Petition of Rights in order to receive money from Parliament
Oliver Cromwell defeated the Cavaliers at the battle of Naseby; government was a Protectorate
Charles II (E) tried to stay financially independent from Parliament; made promises to Louis and France which he didn’t keep
James II Roman Catholic absolutist; didn’t have a male heir
William and Mary joint rulers of England
Robert Walpole First prime minister of England; George I’s chief minister
Maria Theresa Charles VI’s daughter; ruled the throne during attacks from many countries
William Pitt British statesman who devised a system for winning the war for Prussia
Created by: SKay
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