Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Medieval Times
This study stack is to help you study for a test on Medieval Times.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were Charlemagne's greatest accomplishments? | He unified christian lands. |
| How was Charlemagne helped by the Catholic Church | He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor which gave him much power. |
| Why was there a need for order after the death of Charlemagne in 814. | Europe was threatened by Muslims, Magyars, and Vikings. Others failed to defend the empire. |
| What responsibilities did monarchs have in the feudal system? | The monarch was to provide order and protection within his kingdom. |
| What responsibilities did lords, or nobleman, have in the feudal system? | The nobleman, or lord, had the responsibilities of managing/defending manors, acting as judges, fighting for their lords, and appointing officials. |
| What responsibilities did knights have in the feudal system? | The responsibilities of the knights were to be mounted soldiers, be loyal to their church and lord, to always be fair, and to protect. |
| What responsibilities did peasants have in the feudal system? | The responsibilities of the peasants were to raise crops, tend to livestock, be carpenters, cobblers, etc., and to pay taxes to the lord. |
| Why is William the Conqueror considered an important monarch? | William the Conqueror brought feudalism to England. |
| What is feudalism? | Feudalism is a form of government that provides protection for loyalty. Gifts of land (fifes) were given to nobles and knights in return for their loyalty to the king. Peasants and serfs were loyal to all. |
| What was the role of noblewomen in the feudal system? | Noblewomen were expected to raise and train their children, and sometimes others children, and to oversee the households. |
| What was the code of chivalry? | The code of chivalry was a set of rules of behavior for knights. |
| What stages did a boy go through to become a knight? | First a boy would become a page at around the age of 7. He would be a page until he became a squire around the age of 15. Finally, after years of training, the squire would become a knight. |
| How were the lives of male and female peasants different? | Male peasants were expected to work the field, while female peasants were expected to care for their families and homes in addition to working in the fields. |
| During the Middle Ages, what was the purpose of sacraments, according to the teachings of the church? | The purpose of sacraments were to achieve salvation and receive God's blessing. |
| What seven sacraments were administered by the church? | The seven sacraments were: Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Matrimony, Holy Orders, Penance, and Extreme Unction |
| Why did people unertake pilgrimages during the Middle Ages? | The people undertook pilgrimages to show their devotion to God, to show an act of penance, or to cure an illness. |
| What were some the the popular destinations of pilgrims at the time? | Jerusalem, Rome, and Canterbury were some of the popular destinations for pilgrimages. |
| What were the Crusades? | Crusades were military expeditions to the land where Jesus had lived to attempt to take land back from Muslims. |
| In what ways did the art of medieval Europe reflect the influence of the Roman Catholic Church? | Art helped people to understand biblical stories since most people could not read. |
| What were cathedrals? | Cathedrals were large churches and the seat of the bishop. |
| What were some of the key architectural features in a cathedral? | Some key architectural features in cathedrals were: nave, transepts, flying buttresses, gargoyles, pillars, and stained glass. |
| What role did the Roman Catholic Church play in education during the Middle Ages? | During the Middle Ages, most schooling took place in monasteries, convents, and cathedrals. |
| Who was Thomas Aquinas? | Thomas Aquinas was an Italian scholar of philosophy and theology. |
| What did Thomas Aquinas try to do with theology and ancient philosophy? | Thomas Aquinas tried to bridge the gap between philosophical ideas about reason and medieval theological beliefs about beliefs and faith. |
| What events did medieval holidays honor? | Medieval holidays honored birth (Christmas), resurrection (Easter), and Saints and religious concepts. |
| What were some of the ways in which people celebrated holidays? | People celebrated holidays by attending church, feasts, music, dancing, and games. |
| What was the monastic life like? (life in a monastery) | Monastic life included vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, as well as working, studying, praying, and living separately from communities. |
| How were the lives of mendicant friars different from monks? | Mendicant friars and monks were different because friars did not shut themselves off from the rest of the world. They traveled among ordinary people to preach. |
| Where were towns in medieval Europe often located? | Towns in medieval Europe were often located by rivers. |
| Why were towns in medieval Europe often located by rivers? | Towns in medieval Europe were often located by rivers to make trade with other cities and countries easier. |
| What contributed to the growth of towns in medieval Europe? | There were two factors that contributed to the growth of towns in medieval Europe: improved farming methods and the revival of trade with the east. |
| What rights did a charter give townspeople? | A charter allowed the members of a medieval town to govern themselves. |
| What were guilds? | Guilds were associations of people who practiced the same craft or trade. |
| Why were guilds established? | Guilds were established to make sure that members were treated fairly and to make sure that quality products were produced. |
| How did a person become a member of a guild? | A person became a member of a guild by becoming an apprentice around the age of 12. They would live with a master of their craft and learn from them. Finally, they would present a sample of their work to see if it met the guild standards. |
| What are some examples of craft guilds in medieval Europe? | Some craft guilds would have been cobblers (shoe), stonemasons (building cathedrals), and sloth makers. There were other guilds also. |
| How did guilds help members and families of members? | Guilds helped members or families of members by providing money and food in times of need. |
| What role did merchants play in the growth of medieval European towns? | The merchants role in medieval European towns was that by selling good and goods, merchants attracted more people to medieval towns. |
| What were merchant fairs like in medieval Europe? | Merchant fairs were large, they sold goods, and they attracted other merchants to the town. |
| How did merchants become the most wealthy and powerful members of towns? | Merchants became the most wealthy and powerful members of town by selling a variety of goods from far away lands, dominating town's business life, and joining the town councils. |
| How were Jews often mistreated in medieval Europe? | Jews were mistreated in medieval Europe by having difficulty earning a living by farming due to hostility towards them. They were often victims of violence. Rulers took their property at will. |
| What did homes in medieval European towns look like? | Homes in medieval European towns were small, crowded, and build of wood. Wealthy people had larger homes. |
| Why were the homes of most town dwellers uncomfortable? | Homes of most town dwellers were uncomfortable because they were cold, smokey, and dim. Fireplaces were the only source of heat and the main source of light. |
| Why was growing up in medieval towns difficult? | Growing up in medieval towns was difficult because 1/2 of all children died before the age of 15 and at age 7 children began preparing for adulthood by working for their parents. |
| How were the lives of medieval girls different from those of modern girls? | Girls in medieval times were educated at home in cooking, cleaning, and making cloth. They were typically married young and would begin to raise children of their own. Only wealthy young ladies had the opportunity to paint, read music, etc. |
| How did unhealthy living conditions and limited medical knowledge affect life in medieval European towns? | The unhealthy living conditions and limited medical knowledge caused illness and death. |
| What were some common diseases in medieval Europe? | Some common diseases in medieval Europe were measles, cholera, scarlet fever, bubonic plague, and leprosy. |
| What were some common practices used by medieval doctors? | Some common practices used by medieval doctors were prayer, magic, herbal medicines, and bloodletting. |
| What group was sometimes blamed when an outbreak of a disease occurred? | The Jews were sometimes blamed for an outbreak of disease. |
| Why were towns in medieval Europe dangerous places? | Towns in medieval Europe were dangerous because the streets were poorly lit and they had an abundance of pickpockets and thieves due to the economy. |
| What were two methods for deciding the guilt or innocence of accused criminals in the Early Middle Ages? | The two methods for deciding guilt or innocence were "trial by ordeal" and "trial by combat". |
| What were some ways criminals were punished in medieval Europe? | Criminals were punished in a variety of ways such as fines and the stockades for minor crimes as well as hanging or being burned at the stake for more serious crimes. |
| How did the way in which those accused of crimes were treated begin to improve in the 12th century? | In the 12th century, people accused of crimes were allowed a court inquiry. |
| What were some games that were popular with children in medieval Europe? | Some popular leisure activities for children in medieval Europe were dolls, wooden swords, rolled hoops, badminton, lawn bowling, and blind man's bluff. |
| What were some leisure activities enjoyed by adults in medieval Europe. | Some leisure activities enjoyed by adults in medieval Europe were chess, checkers, backgammon, cards, dice, and dancing. |
| What was the difference between mystery plays and miracle plays? | The difference between mystery plays and miracle plays were that mystery plays recreated stories from the bible while miracle plays told of lives of saints. |
| How did the church's attitude toward mystery and miracle plays differ from that of most townspeople? | The church's attitude towards mystery and miracle plays differed from those of most townspeople in the way that the church disapproved of them and most townspeople enjoyed them. |
| How did Henry II improve English law? | Henry II insisted that a jury formally accuse a person of a crime. People were tried by royal judges and later by juries. |
| What changes did the Magna Carta bring about in English government? | The Magna Carta decreed that a king could no longer collect special taxes without consent of barons and church officials. Also, no "free man" could be jailed except by lawful judgement of peers, or law of the land. Finally, kings were not above the law. |
| What was the Model Parliament? | The Model Parliament was the English governing body created by Edward I and included commoners, clergy, church officials and nobles. |
| Why was the Model Parliament created? | The Model Parliament was created to include more people in parliament. |
| How did these political developments in England contribute to the decline of feudalism in Europe. | The political developments in England contributed to the decline of feudalism by strengthen the rights of commoners and laws, limiting the power of English monarchs, and gave a voice to commoners. |
| What areas of the world were affected by the spread of the plague in the 14th century? | The areas affected by the spread of the plague were central Asia, which then spread through China, India, the Near East, and Europe. |
| Why was the plague called the Black Death? | The plague was called the Black Death because of the color of spots that appeared on the skin. |
| How was the plague spread? | The plague was spread mostly fleas. |
| How did the outbreak of plague in the 14th century contribute to the decline of feudalism in Europe? | The outbreak of plague in the 14th century contributed to the decline of feudalism in Europe by having the power shift from nobles to commoners because workers that survived demanded more pay and rights. Serfs left and this weakened the manor system. |
| How did the Hundred Years' War start? | The Hundred Years' War started because the king of France challenged England's claim to French fiefs. |
| Why were the English able to defeat the French in early battles, such as the one at Crecy? | The English were able to defeat the French in early battles because they used longbows, which went farther, were faster, and more accurate than the French crossbows. |
| Who was Joan of Arc? | Joan of Arc was a 17 year old peasant girl who claimed to hear voices of saints urging her to save France. |
| What did Joan of Arc do for the French during the Hundred Years' War? | During the Hundred Years' War, Joan of Arc led the French army in battle. Her actions inspired French people to feel m ore strongly about their king and nation. (nationalism) |
| How did the Hundred Years' War contribute to the decline of feudalism? | The Hundred Years' War contributed to the decline of feudalism because power shifted from lords to monarchs and commoners, military technology made knights and castles less useful, and new feeling of nationalism helped to shift power from lords to kings. |
| Why did Byzantine emperor Leo III forbid the use of icons in 730? | Leo III forbid the use of icons because he believed people wrongly worshiped the icons themselves. |
| How did the pope react to Leo III's forbidding of the use of icons? | Pope Gregory III responded to Leo III's forbidding of icons by excommunicating the emperor. |
| What event in 800 increased tensions between the east and west? | The event that increased tension between the east and west in 800 was the crowning of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor. This outraged the Byzantines, who felt they were the rightful rulers of the Roman Empire. |
| How did the relationship between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church change in 1054? | The relationship between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church changed in 1054 due to a formal division between the Eastern Orthodox and the Roman Catholic churches becoming 2 separate Christian churches. |
| Why was Constantinople ideally located to be the capital of the Byzantine Empire? | Constantinople was ideally located to be the capital of the Byzantine Empire because it was easy to defend, and it was at the crossroads of many seas and overland trade routes. |
| What were some of Constantinople's main features? | The main features of Constantinople were that it was surrounded by water on 3 sides, it was fortified by miles of walls with watchtowers and gates, it had sewer system, hospitals, homes for elderly and orphanages. |
| What was daily life like in Constantinople? | Daily life in Canstantinople showed: (1) more advanced thaN western Europe, (2) language and culture were Greek, but traders and visitors spoke many languages, (3) people attended chariot races, (4) Emperor gave bread to unemployed who did public works. |
| What event forced Justinian to start rebuilding parts of Constantinople? | Justinian was forced to rebuild Constantinople when the city areas were ruined when fighting in the Hippodrome spilled into the streets and escalated into a rebellion. |
| What were some of the improvements made to Constantinople as a result of Justinian's public works projects? | Some of the improvements made from the public works of Justinian were: bridges, public baths, parks, roads, hospitals, Hagia Sophia (grand cathedral). |
| How has Justinian's Code affected the modern world? | Justinian's Code affected the modern world because it was the basis for many legal codes in the western world. |
| What was the relationship between religion and government in the Byzantine Empire? | The relationship between religion and government in the Byzantine Empire was closely linked -- the emperor believed to be both the head of government and the living representative of Jesus Christ. |
| How did the Eastern Orthodox Church play a central role in the daily life of Byzantines? | The Eastern Orthodox Church played a central role in the daily life of Byzantines by people mostly attending church regularly and receiving sacraments at every stage of their lives. |
Created by:
lonniewood
Popular World History sets