Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
WEEK 18:
Respiration Under Unusual Conditions:
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| phases of ventilation and exercise (3) | beginning, moderate, and strenuous |
| start of exercise | normal PaCO2 and PaO2 levels with increased ventilation controlled and detected by proprioceptors in the neural mechanism |
| moderate exercise | normal PaCO2 and PaO2 with ventilation to a plateau as CO2 has been released back to normal levels controlled by central chemoreceptors on the medulla which detect H+ changes |
| strenuous exercise | increased body temperature and increased H+ from acid produced (aerobic metabolism) causing increased ventilation/hyperventilation from 5-6l/min to 120l/min to decrease PaCO2 and H+ levels |
| how is skeletal muscle contraction a cardiovascular adaptation for exercise | compresses blood vessels to direct blood into heart and lungs to increase cardiac output to active muscles used in exercise |
| acute hypoxia detected by what | peripheral chemoreceptors |
| as ventilation increases at high altitudes what happens | PaCO2 falls and PO2 increases, and CSF becomes alkaline leading to higher levels of HCO3- which are exported by choroid plexus cells then through urine to correct pH |
| hours in altitude | breathing is controlled and hypoxia avoided by increasing ventilation |
| days in altitude | alkalinity of blood corrected by excretion of HCO3- in urine |
| adaptations to high altitudes (4) | increased ventilation, polycythaemia (make more RBC to carry more O2), increased urination, and increased cardiac output |
| adaptations to high altitudes are only effective up to where | 5500m |
| dangers of descent | LUQ (abdomen) pain due to enlargement of spleen as it breaks down excess RBCs |
| pressure and weight 10.1m diving | pressure exerted by weight from atmospheric pressure and pressure from weight of water |
| every 10.1m of depth is equal to how much atmospheric pressure | 1 |
| boyles law | pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant pressure (smaller space = higher pressure) |
| pressure in descent | increased |
| pressure in ascent | decreased |
| nitrogen consequences when diving | increased pressure causes more N2 to dissolve in body leading to nitrogen narcosis (drowsiness, euphoria, weakness and unconsciousness) |
| nitrogen consequences when ascending | already dissolved N2 becomes N2 gas bubbles leading to decompression sickness (the bends) with excruciating pain and fatigue |
| consequences of space flight appearance | puffy face and bird legs (small legs) |
| acute consequences of space flight (3) | motion sickness with nausea and vomiting |
| chronic consequences of space flight (5) | decreased blood volume, cardiac output, RBC mass, muscle strength, and loss of Ca2+ and PO43- from bones (bones become fragile) |
| what consequences are there when returning to earth | orthostatic hypotension (cardiovascular system and baroceptor reflexes which maintain BP are not used to no gravity leading to dizziness and fainting) |
Created by:
kablooey
Popular Medical sets