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Interwar Years
Study Guide for upcoming history test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adolf Hitler | The dictator who took over Germany by turing the governments rules against the government |
| Article 48 | Allowed the president of the Weimar Republic to make decisions without the Reichstag. |
| Beer Hall Putsch | Hitlers attempt of something similar to Mussolini's march on Rome (Fails and he gets arrested) |
| Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator who took control of Italy (Ideas of Fascism start to spread) |
| Black Shirts | Mussolini's private militia that supported him |
| Brown Shirts | Hitlers take of Mussolini's Black Shirts (also called Storm Troopers) |
| Dawes Plan | The first US plan to solve hyperinflation in Germany. gave them more time to pay reparations and offered support |
| democratic decline | The decline of a democracy into something else |
| democratic fragility | the idea that democracies can be weak and be undermined |
| democratic reversal | The change of a democracy to another form of government |
| Enabling Act | The act that gave Hitler emergency powers for the next 4 years |
| fascism | A political ideology (i.e., a system of ideals and beliefs) characterized by a dictatorial leader, a one-party state, forcible suppression of opposition, extreme nationalism and a strong emphasis on militarism and national of racial unity. |
| Golden Age of Interwar diplomacy | Refers to this time due to all of the Treaties and diplomacy happening. People felt like they were heading for peace |
| Great Depression | The Stock Market in the US crashed which spread causing economic problems all over the world |
| hyperinflation | When the prices rapidly increase, sometimes over 50% in one month |
| Il Duce | Another name for Benito Mussolini meaning the leader |
| Inflation (and its causes) | When the prices for anything go up overtime Causes: when many people want to buy the same thing, but there isn't another of that thing when the cost for businesses to produce something increases when a government prints more money |
| Invasion of Manchuria | After the Mukden incident, Japan used this event to invade the city of Mukden and the surrounding area of Manchuria. (They wanted this land due to the resources) |
| Josef Stalin | Second official leader of the Soviet Union (succeeded Vladimir Lenin) |
| Kellogg-Briand Pact | Agreement to outlaw war. Signed by 62 countries. people could still use self-defense |
| Locarno Treaties | Solved some of the problems of the Treaty of Versailles: Germany was included, and joined the league. also agreed to its borders with France and Belgium |
| Manchukuo | What Japan named the land they conquered in China |
| March on Rome | Mussolini and his Black shirts launched a coup. The king didn't want war so he made Mussolini Prime Minister. From there Mussolini took over the country |
| Mukden incident | An explosion occurred, destroying the railway owned by Japan. They blamed China and invaded the area. (though its suspected Japan blew it up as an excuse to do this) |
| Night of the Long Knives | The nights in which Hitler has political rivals in his own party killed. He is honest about what happened |
| Paul von Hindenberg | Last leader of Weimar Republic. Used to be in the military. With his death no one was in Hitlers way of control |
| political entrepreneur | People like Hitler and Mussolini who used the governments rules to take over |
| Racial Equality Clause | A clause suggested by Japan that got rejected from the Treaty. It meant that nobody could be discriminated against because of race. Japan grew resentful because of this. |
| Reichstag Fire | A fire burned down the main government building. Hitler blames it on the Communists and is able to use the situation to give himself emergency powers (Enabling Act) |
| spazio vitale | Key idea of fascist government- we need more territory for space. Basically they needed to conquer more land. |
| Union of Soviet socialist republics | Another name for the Soviet Union. 1922 after a civil war. First communist country |
| Vladimir Lenin | First leader of the Soviet union. died shortly after by natural causes |
| Weimar Republic | Germany's new democratic government. Made up by a president, chancellor, and legislature (reichstag) along with the judicial branch. Parties were given a percentage of the legislature. The president had emergency powers. |
| Young Plan | Another American plan to help Germany. basically the Dawes plan, but it reduced the amount of reparations that Germany had. |
Created by:
wolfie
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