Question 1

🔴 14–16 gauge (LARGE BORE)

Color: Orange (14g), Gray (16g)
Use:

Accepted Answer

Major trauma
GI bleed
Shock
Rapid blood transfusions
Emergency resuscitation
🧠 Memory: Big bleed = big needle

Question 2

🟢 18 gauge

Color: Green
Use:

Accepted Answer

Blood transfusions

Surgery

Trauma

CT contrast

🧠 NCLEX favorite: Blood → 18g or larger

Question 3

🟣 20 gauge

Color: Pink
Use:

Accepted Answer

Routine IV fluids

IV medications

Maintenance fluids

🧠 Most commonly used

Question 4

🔵 22 gauge

Color: Blue
Use:

Accepted Answer

Elderly patients

Fragile veins

Slow IV meds

🚫 Not ideal for blood

Question 5

🟡 24 gauge

Color: Yellow
Use:

Accepted Answer

Pediatrics

Very fragile veins

🚫 Too small for rapid fluids or blood

Question 6

🧠 EXAM PEARLS

Accepted Answer

Lower number = larger needle

Blood & trauma = 18g or larger

GI bleed/shock = 2 large-bore IVs

Small gauge = slower flow

Question 7

Blood Transfusion Safety — Nursing Priorities
🔴 BEFORE TRANSFUSION

Accepted Answer

Verify provider order:Consent signed
Type & crossmatch completed
2-person verification:Patient name & DOB
Blood type & Rh:Unit number & expiration
Baseline VS:Patent IV (18–20g preferred)
Normal saline ONLY:🧠 NCLEX pearl:No dextrose. No LR. ONLY NS.

Question 8

🧪 COMMON TYPES OF REACTIONS

Accepted Answer

Febrile – fever, chills

Allergic – itching, hives

Hemolytic (MOST DANGEROUS) – back pain, hypotension

Circulatory overload (TACO) – crackles, dyspnea

Question 9

⚠️ HIGH-RISK PATIENTS

Accepted Answer

Older adults

Heart failure

Renal disease

Rapid infusion

🧠 Slow rate for high-risk patients

Question 10

🧠 NCLEX PRIORITY RULES

Accepted Answer

Reaction suspected? STOP FIRST

Never flush blood with meds

Blood tubing has filter

One unit at a time

Question 11

🧼 Gauze / Wet-to-Dry Use for:

Accepted Answer

Mechanical debridement

Infected or necrotic wounds

🚫 Not for clean wounds
🧠 Removes dead tissue when removed

Question 12

💧 Hydrocolloid

Use for:

Accepted Answer

Low–moderate drainage

Pressure injuries (Stage 1–2)

✔ Promotes moist healing
🚫 Not for infected wounds

🧠 Looks like a thick patch

Question 13

☁️ Foam

Use for:

Accepted Answer

Moderate–heavy drainage

Pressure injuries

✔ Absorbs exudate
✔ Cushions woun

Question 14

🌊 Alginate

Use for:

Accepted Answer

Heavy drainage

Bleeding wounds

✔ Made from seaweed
✔ Absorbs large amounts of fluid

🧠 Heavy drainage = alginate

Question 15

🧴 Transparent (Film)

Use for:

Accepted Answer

IV sites

Superficial wounds

✔ Allows visualization
🚫 No absorption

Question 16

🧪 Antimicrobial (Silver/Iodine)

Use for:

Accepted Answer

Infected wounds

High infection risk

✔ Reduces bacterial load
🚫 Not for long-term use unless ordered

Question 17

🧠 NCLEX PEARLS

Accepted Answer

Dry wound → add moisture

Wet wound → absorb

Infected wound → antimicrobial

Heavy drainage → alginate or foam

Clean wound → moist healing

Question 18

🩸 DURING TRANSFUSION

Accepted Answer

Start slow (first 15 minutes)

Stay with patient for first 15 min

Monitor VS:

Before

15 min

Then per policy

Infuse within 4 hours

🧠 Most reactions occur in first 15 minutes

Question 19

🚨 SIGNS OF TRANSFUSION REACTION

Accepted Answer

Fever, chills

Back or chest pain

Dyspnea

Hypotension

Rash, itching

Anxiety, flushing

Dark urine

🚩 ANY reaction = STOP transfusion

Question 20

🛑 IF A REACTION OCCURS (TEST FAVORITE)

Accepted Answer

1️⃣ STOP transfusion immediately
2️⃣ Keep IV open with normal saline
3️⃣ Assess VS
4️⃣ Notify provider & blood bank
5️⃣ Return blood tubing/bag
6️⃣ Document reaction

🧠 Memory: STOP → NS → CALL

Question 21

🧠 NCLEX PRIORITY RULES

Accepted Answer

Reaction suspected? STOP FIRST

Never flush blood with meds

Blood tubing has filter

One unit at a time

Question 22

Which type of healing occurs when granulation tissue is not visible and scar formation is minimal?

Accepted Answer

First Intention

Needle Size and Use

Purpose of Needles/Dressings

Question	Answer
🔴 14–16 gauge (LARGE BORE) Color: Orange (14g), Gray (16g) Use:	Major trauma GI bleed Shock Rapid blood transfusions Emergency resuscitation 🧠 Memory: Big bleed = big needle
🟢 18 gauge Color: Green Use:	Blood transfusions Surgery Trauma CT contrast 🧠 NCLEX favorite: Blood → 18g or larger
🟣 20 gauge Color: Pink Use:	Routine IV fluids IV medications Maintenance fluids 🧠 Most commonly used
🔵 22 gauge Color: Blue Use:	Elderly patients Fragile veins Slow IV meds 🚫 Not ideal for blood
🟡 24 gauge Color: Yellow Use:	Pediatrics Very fragile veins 🚫 Too small for rapid fluids or blood
🧠 EXAM PEARLS	Lower number = larger needle Blood & trauma = 18g or larger GI bleed/shock = 2 large-bore IVs Small gauge = slower flow
Blood Transfusion Safety — Nursing Priorities 🔴 BEFORE TRANSFUSION	Verify provider order:Consent signed Type & crossmatch completed 2-person verification:Patient name & DOB Blood type & Rh:Unit number & expiration Baseline VS:Patent IV (18–20g preferred) Normal saline ONLY:🧠 NCLEX pearl:No dextrose. No LR. ONLY NS.
🧪 COMMON TYPES OF REACTIONS	Febrile – fever, chills Allergic – itching, hives Hemolytic (MOST DANGEROUS) – back pain, hypotension Circulatory overload (TACO) – crackles, dyspnea
⚠️ HIGH-RISK PATIENTS	Older adults Heart failure Renal disease Rapid infusion 🧠 Slow rate for high-risk patients
🧠 NCLEX PRIORITY RULES	Reaction suspected? STOP FIRST Never flush blood with meds Blood tubing has filter One unit at a time
🧼 Gauze / Wet-to-Dry Use for:	Mechanical debridement Infected or necrotic wounds 🚫 Not for clean wounds 🧠 Removes dead tissue when removed
💧 Hydrocolloid Use for:	Low–moderate drainage Pressure injuries (Stage 1–2) ✔ Promotes moist healing 🚫 Not for infected wounds 🧠 Looks like a thick patch
☁️ Foam Use for:	Moderate–heavy drainage Pressure injuries ✔ Absorbs exudate ✔ Cushions woun
🌊 Alginate Use for:	Heavy drainage Bleeding wounds ✔ Made from seaweed ✔ Absorbs large amounts of fluid 🧠 Heavy drainage = alginate
🧴 Transparent (Film) Use for:	IV sites Superficial wounds ✔ Allows visualization 🚫 No absorption
🧪 Antimicrobial (Silver/Iodine) Use for:	Infected wounds High infection risk ✔ Reduces bacterial load 🚫 Not for long-term use unless ordered
🧠 NCLEX PEARLS	Dry wound → add moisture Wet wound → absorb Infected wound → antimicrobial Heavy drainage → alginate or foam Clean wound → moist healing
🩸 DURING TRANSFUSION	Start slow (first 15 minutes) Stay with patient for first 15 min Monitor VS: Before 15 min Then per policy Infuse within 4 hours 🧠 Most reactions occur in first 15 minutes
🚨 SIGNS OF TRANSFUSION REACTION	Fever, chills Back or chest pain Dyspnea Hypotension Rash, itching Anxiety, flushing Dark urine 🚩 ANY reaction = STOP transfusion
🛑 IF A REACTION OCCURS (TEST FAVORITE)	1️⃣ STOP transfusion immediately 2️⃣ Keep IV open with normal saline 3️⃣ Assess VS 4️⃣ Notify provider & blood bank 5️⃣ Return blood tubing/bag 6️⃣ Document reaction 🧠 Memory: STOP → NS → CALL
🧠 NCLEX PRIORITY RULES	Reaction suspected? STOP FIRST Never flush blood with meds Blood tubing has filter One unit at a time
Which type of healing occurs when granulation tissue is not visible and scar formation is minimal?	First Intention

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