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World Even 1750–1914
Important World Events, 1750–1914 (Grade 9)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Seven Years’ War (1756–1763) | A global conflict between major European powers that weakened France in North America and helped Britain become the dominant colonial power. |
| Treaty of Paris (1763) | The treaty that ended the Seven Years’ War and gave Britain control of most French territory in North America. |
| British Debt after Seven Years’ War | Britain’s large war debt led to new taxes on colonies, increasing tensions with American colonists. |
| American Revolution (1775–1783) | A war in which the Thirteen Colonies fought for and gained independence from Britain. |
| Declaration of Independence (1776) | A document stating the American colonies’ reasons for breaking away from British rule. |
| French Revolution (1789) | A revolution in France that overthrew the monarchy and promoted ideas of liberty, equality, and popular sovereignty. |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | A French military leader who rose to power after the French Revolution and expanded French influence across Europe. |
| Congress of Vienna (1815) | A meeting of European leaders that aimed to restore stability and balance of power after the Napoleonic Wars. |
| Industrial Revolution | A period of rapid industrial growth that began in Britain and changed how goods were produced, leading to urbanization and new social classes. |
| Factory System | A method of production where workers and machines are brought together in one place to increase efficiency. |
| Urbanization | The movement of people from rural areas to cities due to industrial job opportunities. |
| Middle Class | A social group that grew during the Industrial Revolution, including factory owners, merchants, and professionals. |
| Imperialism | A policy where powerful countries extend their control over weaker regions through colonization, economic influence, or military force. |
| Motives for Imperialism | European nations sought raw materials, new markets, national prestige, and strategic power. |
| Scramble for Africa | The rapid colonization and division of Africa by European powers during the late 1800s. |
| Nationalism | A strong sense of pride and loyalty to one’s nation, often leading people to seek independence or unity. |
| Unification of Germany (1871) | The process by which German states united into one nation under Prussian leadership. |
| Otto von Bismarck | The Prussian leader who used diplomacy and war to unify Germany. |
| Alliance System | Agreements between countries to support each other in case of war, increasing tensions in Europe before WWI. |
| Militarism | The belief that a country should build a strong military and be prepared to use it. |
| Arms Race | A competition between nations to build stronger and more advanced weapons. |
| Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1914) | The event that triggered World War I when the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne was killed. |
| World War I | A global war beginning in 1914 that involved many European powers and was caused by militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism. |