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Social- Original Sta
Renaissance-Reformation-Scientific Revolution-Era of Enlightenment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the two parts of the Roman Empire? | Western and Eastern. |
| True or False: The Eastern Roman Empire collapsed before the Western Roman Empire. | False. |
| What happened after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire? | Total anarchy ensued. Life became all about food and protection. People were starving in the cities, so they moved to the country. In exchange for protection from raiders, farmers gave them land. [manorialism] |
| What are the three names for the time period after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire? | The Dark Ages, The Medieval Ages, or The Middle Ages. |
| What are the three periods of the Middle Ages? | Early, High, and Late. |
| What is another name for the Eastern Roman Empire? | Byzantine. |
| When did the Western Roman Empire exist? | Between the 3rd and 5th centuries. |
| What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire? | Constantinople. |
| How long did the Middle Ages last? | From the 5th to the 15th century. |
| What is another name for Manorialism? | Seigneurialism. |
| What was Manorialism? | An important part of feudal society, it was the economic system were a "lord" controlled people who rented land from him. |
| What is Feudalism? | A political and military system that dictated power, status, and who-controls-who. |
| What are the three mains "categories" of feudalism? | Lords, vassals, and fiefs. |
| What were the Crusades? | Religiously sanctioned military campaigns to restore the Holy Lands to Christian control. |
| Why would anyone want to join a Crusade? | To earn brownie points with God. |
| What was an "indulgence"? | When the stupid Pope sold "forgiveness" for sins. |
| What cultural influence did the Crusades have? | When the knights traveled through Constantinople to get to the Holy Lands, they got to see refinement, like silk and spices, which they brought back with them. |
| What was the "Webkinz" of the Middle Ages? | Spices. |
| _______ had a monopoly on the _____ spice trade. | Italians; Arabic. |
| Where was the "birthplace" of the Renaissance? Why? | Italy; when they had more money going around from the spice trade, they could afford to do MORE than just survive. They began to build beautiful houses and look into art. |
| After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, people moved ______ _______ the cities. When the Renaissance began, people moved _______ ____ the cities. | away from; back to |
| What was the name for rich people who supported artists? | Patrons |
| In the Renaissance, _______ and ________ knowledge was rediscovered. | Greek; Roman |
| What was a major invention of the Renaissance? Who invented it? | The printing press; Johanne Gutenburg. |
| Originally, books were written in ______ about _______. However, in REN they began to be written in the ______ language about other subjects. | Latin; religion; vernacular. |
| True or False: During the REN, the church's power increased. | False. |
| Who was Niccolo Machiavelli? | A writer/politician from Florence who was targeted by the suspicious Medici and exiled. He wrote a controversial book "The Prince" about politics and power. |
| Why is "The Prince" such a controversial book? | Because we don't know what the author meant by writing it. Was he sucking up the Medici, poking fun, or was it what he really thought? |
| What is city state versus a nation state? | A city state is a city that is totally self-governing. [like Florence and the Medici]. A nation state is when a large area of land is controlled by just one person. [ie-king of England.] |
| What does it mean to be Machiavelli? | cunning or sneaky |
| What is Simony? | When you sell church offices. |
| What set Martin Luther off? | He found a church official drunk in a ditch who had also skipped mass. When Luther asked him about it, he whipped out his "lifetime indulgence". |
| What did Luther do after he got all upset? | He nailed 95 points to debate about indulgences to his church door. |
| Which two powerful people were upset with Martin Luther? | The Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope. |
| In order, what events led to the Reformation? | Church tried to set up an office in Mainz, had to get 10 000 ducets, began to sell super-deluxe indulgences, guy skipped mass and got drunk, Luther got ticked, someone used the printing press to spread his ideas. |
| What did Martin Luther believe that you needed to get into heaven? | Faith and the Bible. |
| When Martin Luther was summoned before the emperor, he was reluctant to go because the emperor didn't really like him. What did the emperor do to get him to come anyways? | He gave him a "get-back-to-your-own-country-free card". |
| When Martin Luther and the emperor finally met, what happened? | They debated religion, and finally Luther was given 24 hours to renounce his views. He refused, and became an outlaw. However, he had his "home-free" card, and before he could be arrested at home, the Duke of Saxony hid him. [for 2 years.] |
| What did Luther do while he stayed at the Duke of Saxony's house? | He translated the Bible from Latin to German, married an ex-nun, and raised a family. |
| What was the name of the religion based off of Luther's views? | Lutheran. |
| Why was it ironic that Henry the VIII started the Anglican Church? | When Henry the VIII was a young man, he was a very devout Catholic who wrote a pamphlet denouncing the Protestant faith and supporting the Catholic Church. As a reward, the Pope gave him the title of "Defender of the Faith". |
| Who was Catherine D'Aragon? | Henry VIII's first wife and Bloody Mary's mother, she was originally married to Henry's brother, but when he died she married Henry on the stipulation that she never slept with his brother. |
| True or False: Anne Boleyn gave Henry VIII everything he asked for. | Nope. She refused to sleep with him until they married, played hard to get, and didn't even give him the son she promised him. |
| Why wouldn't the Pope let Henry annul his marriage to Catherine? | Because Catherine was a Spanish Princess with connections. |
| What did Henry VIII do when the Pope refused to comply? Why? | He started his own religion cause Anna had slept with and told him that he wouldn't get his son unless he married her NOW. |
| What happened to Anne after she married Henry VIII? | She had a girl, miscarried, and Henry got ticked off. So she was put on trial for every crime imaginable and beheaded. |
| Who was Jane Seymour? | Henry's 3rd wife and his favorite. Mother of Edward. Died after childbirth. |
| What happened to the crown when Henry VIII died? | It went to Edward, who was sickly and died in his teens. Then Bloody Mary got it and died of cancerous cysts. Elizabeth the First ruled for many years. When she died, the crown went to Mary, Queen of Scots, son. |
| What happened to English religion during the Tudor rule? | It went from Catholic to Protestant [Henry], back to Catholic [Mary], and back to Protestant [Lizzie]. |
| Why was Mary so passionate about Catholicism? | Her husband [Philip of Spain, whom she was one-sidedly in love with] refused to come back to England until it was "properly Catholic". Plus her mama was kicked off through Protestantism. |
| Elizabeth the I was the ______ queen. | virgin |
| Why did the church like Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, over Elizabeth the I? | Because they thought Liz was an "un-Catholic bastard". |
| What is important to know about Mary Stuart? | She escaped to England because her people hated her, was under English "protective custody", and was beheaded for allegedly plotting against Lizzie. |
| What happened as a result of Mary Stuart's beheading? | Prince Philip attacked England with the Spanish armada [cause you can't kill a Catholic queen!]. |
| What happened to the Spanish Armada? | It was whipped out by a freak storm. |
| Who was the end-all and be-all when it came to REN scientific knowledge? | Aristotle. |
| Who published his scientific work right before he died to avoid a Jesuit inquisition? | Copernicus. |
| What did Copernicus believe in? | The heliocentric theory. |
| Who came up with the scientific method? | Francis Bacon. |
| Who started the Jesuits? | Ignatius Loyola. |
| Which ancient scientist analyzed human anatomy by dissecting pigs? | Galen. |
| Who was the first to dissect human bodies for science, and prove Galen wrong? | Andreas Vesalius. |
| Who came up with the idea of ellipses? | Keplar. |
| Who checked out the circulatory system? | Harvey. |
| Who invented coordinate geometry, had the Cesarean Plane named after him, was a major math nerd, and said "I think, therefore I am," ? | Rene Descartes. |
| Who was Issac Newton? | A genius who collected ideas, invented Calculus, used math to prove junk, and came up with laws. (like the law of gravity) |
| What period of history did Newton influence? | The Era of Enlightenment. |
| What does "Renaissance" mean? | Rebirth |
| What is Humanism? | An interest in man and the affairs of "this world". |
| Who was Rabelais? | A funny author who wrote great satires. |
| What is dogma? | Religious beliefs. |
| Name 6 things that contributed to the start of the Reformation: | humanism; science; stupid popes; growing nationalism; church-stick-in-the-mud-ness; church's greed |
| What is secularism? | worldliness, looking at new things |
| True or False: Martin Luther was a born rebel, who was destined to clash with authority. | False. |
| What is Purgatory? | The supposed place between Earth and Heaven. |
| If you were non-Catholic, you were _________. | Protestant. |
| What two beliefs did all Protestants have? | They did not accept the Pope, and believed in salvation that comes from faith and trust in God. |
| What is another name for the Catholic Reformation? | The Counter Reformation. |
| What was the purpose of the Catholic Reformation? | To strengthen the Church and stop the spread of Protestantism. |
| Who were the Jesuits? | Short for the Society of Jesus, they were a religious group run with military strictness that had absolute obedience to the Pope and the Catholic church. |
| What was the Council of Trent? | A group that met to reinforce the Church's dogma. |
| What was the name of Copernicus's book? | On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres |
| How did people explain star movements with the geocentric system? | They believed in rotating crystalline spheres. |
| What happened to Galileo? | He openly contradicted Aristotle during his lifetime, which made the Catholics angry. He was put through the inquisition, and put under house arrest until the day that he died. |
| What was the name of Galileo's book? | Dialogues on the Two Chief Systems of the World |
| What was the name of Newton's book? | Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy |
Created by:
GreyEyes
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