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WEEK 6:
Stress + Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| stress | physical + psychological responses preparing person to cope with demand (situation) |
| acute stress | response to urgent demand |
| chronic stress | response activated for prolonged period of time |
| physiological stress response | SNS activated, hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activated |
| HPA axis in words | hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis |
| role of hypothalamus in physiological stress response | controls bodily functions + activates pituitary gland |
| role of pituitary gland in physiological stress response | secretes hormones that act on other body parts |
| role of amygdala in physiological stress response | processes emotions |
| role of hippocampus in physiological stress response | formation + retrieval of memories |
| describe the HPA axis | |
| Yerkes-Dodson Law graph | peak performance when at peak stress but unproductive when too much stress/ not enough stress |
| describe the Yerkes-Dodson Law | inverted U shape |
| transactional model of stress | different people have different stress responses (primary appraisal leads to secondary appraisal) |
| primary appraisal | threat or not |
| secondary appraisal | individual's perceived ability to cope or not |
| measuring stress | physiological changes + psychological impacts |
| physiological changes as a way of measuring stress | blood, urine, saliva |
| psychological impact of stress as a way of measuring stress | observation, checklists, self-report, interviews |
| indicator of chronic stress | daily cortisol release |
| types of stressors | physical + psychological/social |
| physical signs of stress | headaches, nausea |
| social + behavioural signs of stress | being late, less social |
| psychological signs of stress | difficulty concentrating, anxiety + depression |
| life events/ life change model | any life change (positive/negative) requires readjustment leading to stress |
| Social readjustment rating scale (SRRS) | method used to rank stress felt for different life changes |
| direct physiological effects of stress | affects immune system as excess cortisol + reduced T cell activity |
| stress of cardiovascular system reactivity | activates platelets, increase lipids, encourages plaque on artery wall |
| direct effects of stress | physiological effects |
| indirect effects of stress | behaviour strategies = harmful (smoking, alcohol), influences medical care seeking + adherence |
| escape model | food helps escape emotional distress |
| effect of marriage on stress | help mitigate stress effects |
| diathesis stress model | |
| epigenetics | |
| protective factors | coping styles, perceived control, exercise, social support |
| stress management | focus on reducing demands by using cognitive coping strategies with techniques for CBT- explain mechanisms of stress to patients + implications of stress for chronic conditions |
| examples of stress management according to NHS | taking control, avoid unhealthy habits, thinking positively, connecting with others |
Created by:
kablooey
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