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WEEK 3:
Attachment Theory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2 purposes of attachment | survival (protection from predators) + secure base (security to explore environment) |
| range of behaviours sustaining attachment | signalling behaviours, active behaviours, synchrony |
| signalling behaviours | bring parent to child |
| active behaviours | move child to parent |
| synchrony | mirroring behaviours |
| good attachment | separation anxiety, less afraid in presence of main attachment figures, social referencing |
| social referencing | copy others on how to respond/react to things eg if mother scared of cows then baby is |
| how many attachment styles are there | four |
| types of attachment styles | secure, insecure avoidant, insecure ambivalent, insecure disorganised |
| insecure avoidant | not okay to be emotional |
| insecure ambivalent | wants comfort but does not help them |
| insecure disorganised | I AM SO SCARED |
| to build a healthy + secure attachment, parent needs to | provide comfort, be reliable + consistent, be attuned (aware + responsive to child), practice self care + demonstrate positive behaviours towards self |
| how common are insecure attachments | at least a third of children, 80%+ children with ADHD, 98% children surveyed experienced at least one traumatic event |
| describe the strange situation experiment - Ainsworth et al 1978 | test separation anxiety when parent + child in unfamiliar room have stranger enter + parent leave then parent comes back + stranger leaves |
| secure attachment result of 'Strange Situation' | mild protest when parent returns + easily comforted |
| insecure/ resistant (ambivalent) attachment result of 'Strange Situation' | very distressed when parent returns + clinging |
| insecure/ avoidant attachment result of 'Strange Situation' | no protest when parent leaves + ignores parents return |
| disorganised attachment result of 'Strange Situation' | linked to fear eg harsh parenting |
| describe the still face experiment Tronick et al 1975 | mother has still face for 2 mins and records baby's reactions + attempt to get mother's attention, then mother reassures baby |
| aim of still face experiment | shows effects of non-interaction on early development |
| causes of disruption to attachment | instituionalisation (Romanian study), hospitalisation, maternal mental health (post natal depression), day care |
| implications for doctors | reduce separation from family, give support + preparation for parents in medical settings, continued care to allow child to form other attachments |
| insecure attachment is linked to what in child patients | poor regulation of emotional responses eg self harm |
| other implications for adult patients | attachment styles affect health-seeking behaviour + reaction to illness & healthcare |
Created by:
kablooey
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