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chem
chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Quantum mechanical model | is an attempt to explain describe and define the location and energy of the electrons. |
| Nucleus of helium atoms has --- protons so neutral helium atom has --- electrons | two |
| Elemental hydrogen exist as a ----atomic element | di |
| Hydrogen atoms are so --- that they react with each other to from hydrogen molecules | reactive |
| What determines reactivity of element? | Chemical elements, electrons and energy |
| Elements Valence | outer most shell |
| When the elements are arranged in order of increasing number of protons, certain sets of properties recur periodically | true |
| Light is a type of matter. | false |
| Light Travel through space at a speed of 3.00 x 10^8 m/s | true |
| Waves carries --- as it moves through water | energy |
| Wavelength | distance between adjacent wave crests |
| Red Light wave length of 750 nm has --- wavelength of visible light | longest |
| Violet light wavelength of 400nm has --- wavelength of visible light | shortest |
| White light is responsible for colors we in --- vision | everyday |
| What are the components of white light? | R O Y G B I V |
| The shorter the wavelength of light the more energy it has | true |
| Wavelength of visible light determines color | true |
| Which of the statements about light is TRUE? A) travels through space at a speed of 3.00 × 108 m/s. B) travels much faster than sound. C) A packet of light energy is called a photon. D) A characteristic feature of light that determines its color is i | e |
| The distance between adjacent wave crests is called: • A) wavelength. • B) frequency. • C) trough. | a |
| The number of cycles of a wave that passes a stationary point in one second is called its | Frequency |
| A red shirt appears red to our eyes because the shirt absorbs the red wavelength of visible light | false |
| Frequency is number of cycles or crests that pass-through point in --- | 1 second |
| Wavelength and frequency are ---- related the shorter wavelength higher frequency | inversely |
| Photons | particles of light |
| Lights can be viewed as stream of | particles |
| particle of light is | proton |
| Photons have | zero mass and moving particles no electrical charge are stable have interactions with electrons can be destroyed or created by many natural processes |
| Photon is a tiny --- of light energy | packet |
| Amount of energy in a packet depends on the --- | wavelength |
| Light waves carry more energy if their --- are closer together | crests |
| Which color of the visible spectrum has the shortest wavelength | d |
| Which color of the visible spectrum has the longest wavelength | a |
| Shortest wavelength and most energetic photons are | gamma rays |
| Gamma rays produced by | sun, stars, and unstable atomic nuclei on earth |
| Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength? | d |
| X-rays are | longer wavelength and lower energy |
| The most energetic photons are gamma rays | true |
| Visible light makes up the largest portion of the electromagnetic spectrum | false |
| Photons of ultraviolet radiation contain more energy than do photons of violet visible light | true |
| X-ray damage biological molecules | true |
| Ultraviolet light produces suntans and sunburns | true |
| Infrared light has even --- wavelengths then visible light | longer |
| Infrared light is invisible to our eyes | true |
| The heat you feel when you place your hand near a hot object is ultraviolet radiation | false is infrared |
| In order for a substance to be heated in a microwave, it must contain water. | true |
| Longest wave lengths of light are radio waves | true |
| Which form of electromagnetic radiation has photons with the lowest energy | Radio waves |
| Ionizing radiation ionizing radiation can remove electrons from atoms to form ions | true |
| ionize atoms and molecule to destroy molecules within unwanted cells such as cancer cells because | high energy in their photons |
| light emitted by hydrogen has | specific wavelength |
| What happens to an atom when it absorbs energy? The atom • A) stores the energy for later use. • B). re-emits the energy as heat. • C) re-emits the energy as light. • D)none | c |
| What is the behavior of electrons in atoms | understanding electron’s place in atom. -restricted to particular circular orbits, -jump from lower energy orbit to higher energy by absorbing light -also do opposite and fall from higher energy orbit to lower energy orbit by emitting light |
| Energy of each ---- specified by quantum number n= 1.2.3 | Bohr Orbit |
| Which statement below does NOT follow the Bohr Model? | The energy emitted from a relaxing electron can have any wavelength |
| Which of the following statements about the quantum-mechanical model is FALSE? | Orbitals are specific paths electrons follow. |
| Each element produces its own unique and distinctive emission spectrum. | true |
| An emission spectrum results when light emitted by glowing gas is passed through a prism. | true |
| The principal quantum number (n): • A) specifies the 3-D shape of the orbital. • B) specifies the subshell of the orbital. • C) specifies the maximum number of electrons. • D) specifies the principal shell of the orbital. | specifies the principal shell of the orbital |
| The subshell letter | specifies the 3-D shape of the orbital |
| Energy of each Bohr orbit increases with increasing value of n but levels become more closely spaced n increase | True |
| Electrons behave like particles and we cand escribe their exact paths | false |
| An orbital is a probability map showing exactly where an electron can be found in an atom | false |
| The higher the principal quantum number the lower the orbital energy | False |
| 4 subshell | s p d f |
| 3 subshell | s p d |
| 2 subshell | s p |
| 1 subshell | s |
| Subshell of orbital are represented by possible letters s p d f | true |
| Principal shell with a value of n= 3 would contain s p d f | false |
| Subshell s p d f all has same energy as long as they are same principal shell | false |
| The ground state is when an electron in an atom is excited into the lowest possible vacant orbital | False |
| The "d" subshell can hold a maximum of ________ electrons. • A) 2 • B) 5 • C) 6 • D) 10 | D 10 |
| The lowest energy orbital in quantum-mechanical model is | 1 s orbital |
| How many electrons can exist in an orbital | 2 |
| Hunds rule | when filling orbitals of equal energy electrons fill them singly first with parallel spins |
| When filling orbitals of equal energy, electrons fill them singly first with parallel spins." This is known as | Hunds rule |
| An accepted abbreviation format is to write an electron configuration that includes a noble gas symbol in brackets. If you were writing an electron configuration for a bromine atom, which elemental symbol would you place in the bracket? | Ar |
| How many electrons are unpaired in the orbitals of carbon? • A) 12 • B) 6 • C) 4 • D) 2 | D 2 |
| How many core electrons are in a chlorine atom? | 10 |
| Row number is | equal to number of highest principal shell |
| The correct electron configuration for fluorine is: 1s22s22p5. | true |
| The Pauli exclusion principle state that orbitals may hold more then two electrons of identical spins | false |
| The orbital diagram for fluorine shows 1 unpaired electron in a p orbital. | true |
| The correct electron configuration for magnesium is: 1s22s22p63s3. | fasl e |
| The element manganese (symbol = Mn) has five valence electrons. | fasle |
| Bromine has 17 valence electrons | false |
| The principal quantum number (n) specifies the | Principal shell of the orbital |
| How many subshell are there in the n = 2 principal shell | 2 |
| Which statement is true about "p" orbitals | A subshell contains three "p" orbitals. • B) These orbitals are shaped like dumbbells. • C) A 3p orbital has a higher energy than a 2p orbital. • D) All are true |
| How many electrons can exist in an orbital | 2 |
| Which element is represented by the electron configuration 1s22s22p2? | Carbon |
| How many valence electrons are in a chlorine atom | 7 |
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