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FRENCH REV TERMS

APWH Unit 5

TermDefinition
Bourgeoisie The French middle class made up of merchants and professionals who were wealthy but lacked political power, fueling revolutionary demands for equality.
Tennis Court Oath A vow by the National Assembly in 1789 not to disband until they wrote a new constitution, showing their unity and determination.
Bastille A Paris prison stormed on July 14, 1789; its fall symbolized the Revolution and the end of royal tyranny.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen A 1789 document declaring equality and freedom for all male citizens and the protection of natural rights.
Jacobins A radical political group that pushed for a republic and led the Revolution during the Reign of Terror.
Sans-Culotte Working-class revolutionaries who wanted greater equality and played a major role in radicalizing the Revolution.
Maximilien Robespierre Leader of the Jacobins and the Reign of Terror, later executed for his extreme policies.
Guillotine A device used for executions during the Revolution, symbolizing both justice and terror.
Suffrage The right to vote, which expanded during the Revolution to include all male citizens.
Olympe de Gouges A writer who demanded women’s rights and equality, later executed during the Reign of Terror.
Plebiscite A direct vote by citizens; Napoleon used it to justify his leadership and policies.
Napoleonic Code Napoleon’s legal system that promoted equality and order but limited women’s rights.
Annex To add territory to one’s country; Napoleon annexed much of Europe to expand his empire.
Abdicate To give up power or the throne; Napoleon abdicated after his defeat.
Congress of Vienna A meeting of European leaders in 1815 to restore order and stability after Napoleon’s wars.
Balance of Power The idea of distributing power among nations to prevent any one from dominating Europe.
Estates-General The French legislative body with representatives from all three estates, called in 1789 for the first time in 175 years.
Reign Of Terror A period from 1793–1794 when thousands were executed for suspected opposition to the Revolution.
Created by: cvarella10
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